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Table 3 Constructed socio-economic status (SES) classification (modified Kuppuswamy classification)

From: Oral health status of adults in Southern Vietnam - a cross-sectional epidemiological study

Level of Education

Assigned score

Higher education (level ≥ 12*)

6

College (level 6 to 12*)

5

Primary school (level 1 to 5*)

3

Informal education (i.e. self learning); literate

2

No formal education

1

Occupation

 

Professional and skilled

4

Business, household keeper

3

Retired/unemployed

2

Semiskilled and unskilled

1

Household income

 

Income covers expenses; no loans needed

4

Income does not cover expenses; no loans needed

3

Income covers expenses; loans needed incidentally

2

Income does not cover expenses; loans needed regularly

1

Socio-economic status scale

Summed score

High

9 - 14

Middle

7, 8

Low

3 - 6

  1. *Education levels based on the Vietnamese classification system