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Table 3 Final multiple variable poisson regression model on dental caries prevalence for Head Start children (N = 115)

From: Developmental delays and dental caries in low-income preschoolers in the USA: a pilot cross-sectional study and preliminary explanatory model

Variable

Parameter estimate (B)

Standard error

95% CI

Prevalence ratio (PR)

95% CI

P-value

Main predictor variable

      

Developmental delay

     

P = .04

 No

ref

-

-

-

-

 Yes

0.23

0.12

0.01, 0.46

1.26

1.01, 1.58

Ascribed factors

      

Age (years)

      

 3

ref

-

-

-

-

-

 4

0.49

0.15

0.20, 0.79

1.64

1.22, 2.20

P = .001

 5

1.44

0.15

1.13, 1.73

4.21

3.08, 5.64

P < .001

Sex

     

P = .41

 Male

ref

-

-

-

-

 Female

−0.07

0.09

−0.25, 0.10

0.93

0.78, 1.11

Race

     

P = .42

 White

ref

-

-

-

-

 Non-White

−0.09

0.11

−0.32, 0.13

0.91

0.73, 1.14

Proximal factors

      

Communication difficulties

     

P < .001

 No

ref

-

-

-

-

 Yes

0.91

0.15

0.62, 1.19

2.47

1.85, 3.30

Dental home

     

P = .01

 No

ref

-

-

-

-

 Yes

−0.49

0.19

−0.87, -0.11

0.61

0.42, 0.89

Immediate factors

      

Caregiver education level

      

 Less than high school

0.95

0.17

0.62, 1.13

2.58

1.85, 3.09

P < .001

 High school

0.86

0.13

0.61, 1.11

2.36

1.84, 3.03

P < .001

 More than high school

ref

-

-

-

-

-

Caregiver employment

 

-

    

 Unemployed

ref

 

-

-

-

-

 In school or training

0.32

0.15

0.04, 0.61

1.38

1.04, 1.83

P = .03

 Employed

−0.83

0.10

−1.02, -0.64

0.44

0.36, 0.53

P < .001

Family Structure

     

P = .51

 Single parent

ref

-

-

-

-

 Two parents

0.06

0.10

−0.13, 0.26

1.07

0.88, 1.29

Child’s lives in a smoke-free home

     

P = .55

 No

ref

-

-

-

-

 Yes

−0.07

0.12

−0.31, 0.17

0.93

0.73, 1.18

Macro factor

      

Lives in a community with fluoridated water

     

P < .001

 No

ref

-

-

-

-

 Yes

−0.99

0.10

−1.17, -0.80

0.37

0.31, 0.45

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