Variables | Missing teeth | CPI | Russell’s periodontal index | Papillary bleeding index |
---|---|---|---|---|
Parameter estimate* (Standard error), P- value | ||||
Gender (ref. female) | ||||
Age | .185 (.029) < .001 |  |  |  |
Smoking (ref. No) | Â | -.375 (.139) .008 | Â | Â |
Drinking (ref. No) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Education level (ref. ≤Middle school) | ||||
 High school vs. ≤Middle school |  |  |  | -.415(.142) .004 |
 College ≤ vs. ≤Middle school |  | -.478 (.181) .010 |  | -.496(.176) .006 |
Duration of diabetes illness (ref. ≤5 years) | ||||
 6-9 years vs. ≤5 years |  |  | .513 (.223) .023 |  |
 >10 years vs. ≤5 years |  | .461 (.204) .026 | 1.306(0.353) < .001 | .677(.199) < .001 |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | .022(.006) < .001 |  |  |  |
HbA1c (%) | Â | Â | .121 (.060) .045 | .072 (.034) .036 |
Compliance to self management of diabetes (ref. Not-do-well) | Â | Â | Â | -.339 (.122) .007 |
Frequency of tooth brush (per day) | ||||
 Oral health education (ref. No) |  | -.313 (.157).048 | −1.789 (.270) < .001 |  |
Perceived self-oral health status (ref. Unhealthy) | ||||
 | R2 = .535, p < .001 | R2 = .400, p < .001 | R2 = .542, p < .001 | R2 = .433, p < .001 |