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Table 5 Multiple linear regression analysis for Missing Teeth, CPI, Russell’s periodontal index, and Papillary bleeding index

From: Association between diabetes-related factors and clinical periodontal parameters in type-2 diabetes mellitus

Variables

Missing teeth

CPI

Russell’s periodontal index

Papillary bleeding index

Parameter estimate* (Standard error), P- value

Gender (ref. female)

Age

.185 (.029) < .001

   

Smoking (ref. No)

 

-.375 (.139) .008

  

Drinking (ref. No)

    

Education level (ref. ≤Middle school)

 High school vs. ≤Middle school

   

-.415(.142) .004

 College ≤ vs. ≤Middle school

 

-.478 (.181) .010

 

-.496(.176) .006

Duration of diabetes illness (ref. ≤5 years)

 6-9 years vs. ≤5 years

  

.513 (.223) .023

 

 >10 years vs. ≤5 years

 

.461 (.204) .026

1.306(0.353) < .001

.677(.199) < .001

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)

.022(.006) < .001

   

HbA1c (%)

  

.121 (.060) .045

.072 (.034) .036

Compliance to self management of diabetes (ref. Not-do-well)

   

-.339 (.122) .007

Frequency of tooth brush (per day)

 Oral health education (ref. No)

 

-.313 (.157).048

−1.789 (.270) < .001

 

Perceived self-oral health status (ref. Unhealthy)

 

R2 = .535, p < .001

R2 = .400, p < .001

R2 = .542, p < .001

R2 = .433, p < .001

  1. *Adjusted for gender, age, smoking, drinking, education level, frequency of tooth brush, oral health education and perceived self-oral health status.