Table 2 List of landmarks used for evaluating facial shape

1 (M)

The saddle point of the sking corresponding to the intersection of the frontal and nasal bones.

2 (M)

Midline maximum of the curve of the nose; the nasal tip.

3 (M)

Junction of the nose and philtrum (base of the columella).

4 (M)

Midline of vermillion border of the superior lip between the christa philtri.

5 (M)

Midpoint of the labial fissure.

6 (M)

Midline of the vermillion border of the inferior lip.

7 (M)

The most posterior midpoint on the labiomental soft tissue contour between the lower lip and chin

8 (M)

Midline point on the inferior border of the mandible.

9 (R/L)

The inner corner of the eye where upper and lower eyelids meet.

11/12 (R/L)

The outer corner of eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet.

13/14 (R/L)

The most lateral point on the nasal alar crest.

15/16 (R/L)

The most posterolateral point at the junction between alar wing and face.

17/18 (R/L)

The edge of nasal ala where cartilage of the nose inserts the tissue above the upper lip.

19/20 (R/L)

The point at each crossing of the vermilion line and the elevated margin of the philtrum

21/22 (R/L)

Point marking the corner of the lips/mouth.

23/24 (R/L)

Tip of the eminence at the front of the ear.

25/26 (R/L)

The highest point of the junction between the alar wing and face.