Table 6 Proportional hazards model of malignant transformation for related factors of the current study
Factor | N (%) | Crude RR (95% CI) | p-value | ARR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Location | |||||
Buccal | 3050 (60.15) | 1 | 1 | ||
Tongue | 632 (12.46) | 1.83 (1.26-2.60) | 0.002 | 1.87 (1.29-2.67) | 0.0014 |
Others | 1389 (27.39) | 1.30 (0.95-1.76) | 0.09 | 1.33 (0.98-1.81) | 0.07 |
Gender | |||||
Female | 772 (15.22) | 1 | 1 | ||
Male | 4299 (84.78) | 2.16 (1.36-3.68) | 0.0007 | 2.15 (1.35-3.67) | 0.0008 |
Epithelial dysplasia (ED) | |||||
No | 3928 (77.46) | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 1143 (22.54) | 1.98 (1.48-2.61) | < 0.0001 | 1.89 (1.39-2.54) | <.0001 |
Degree of ED | |||||
Mild | 949 (83.03) | 1 | 1 | ||
Moderate | 108 (9.45) | 1.96 (0.77-4.05) | 0.14 | 1.18 (0.46-2.52) | 0.70 |
Severe | 86 (7.52) | 2.03 (0.72-4.41) | 0.16 | 1.08 (0.38-2.43) | 0.88 |
Alcohol drinking | |||||
No | 1356 (26.74) | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 3715 (73.26) | 0.77 (0.58-1.02) | 0.07 | 0.71 (0.53-0.96) | 0.02 |
Betel-quid chewing | |||||
No | 593 (11.69) | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 4478 (88.31) | 0.83 (0.38-1.25) | 0.38 | 1.71 (0.79-3.37) | 0.16 |
Cigarette smoking | |||||
No | 700 (13.80) | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 4371 (86.20) | 0.73 (0.52-1.04) | 0.08 | 0.42 (0.23-0.85) | 0.02 |