Table 15 Characteristics of the study of Kavaklı [21]

Kavaklı [21]

Randomized controlled trial

To compare the therapeutic efficacy of two different intraoral devices on the EMG activity of bruxers during sleep.

Self-presentation at the Hacettepe University Health Science Institute, Ankara (Turkey)

1. Self-reported tooth clenching and tooth grinding for at least 6 month

1. More than two missing molars

20 (average age: 31 years; range: 14–52 years)

NTI-tss device (n = 11) vs. Michigan- type stabilization splint (SS) (n = 9) worn at night

2. Grinding sounds during sleep for at least 3 nights per week as confirmed by bed-partner

2. Removable prosthetic restoration

3. Jaw muscle discomfort

3. Gross malocclusion

4. Abnormal tooth wear

4. Constant use of sleep medication

5. Masseter hypertrophy

5. Abuse of alcohol and/or drugs

6. Diagnosis of sleep bruxism in a sleep laboratory

6. Neurological or psychological diseases

7. Sleeping disorders

8. Internal TMJ derangements as diagnosed with an MRI

Study

Study duration

Outcome parameters

Results

Authors' conclusions

Kavaklı [21]

4 months

(A) Sleep variables:

Within-treatment-group pre- post differences

1. Both splint designs do not stop sleep bruxism activity as shown by polysomnographic evaluation.

- sleep quality

- total sleep time

NTI-tss device:

2. The SS does not reduce the frequency, duration or intensity of the sleep bruxism.

- sleep efficiency

- no changes of other sleep parameters

3. The NTI-tss device reduces the intensity of bruxism.

- sleep latency

- no changes of respiratory parameters

4. Due to its positive effect on sleep bruxism and its easy adapatability, the NTI-tss device is recommended if regular check-ups by a dentist are possible.

- REM latency

- no changes in occlusion

- percentages of stage duration

- reduced intensity of masseter and temporalis muscles contraction activities compared to baseline

- number of awakenings during sleep

- number of movements during sleep

Stabilization splint:

(B) Respiratory variables:

- sleep stage 2 was shorter as compared to baseline

- apnea

- hypoapnea

- no changes of other sleep parameters

(C) Bruxism-related variables as derived from masseter and temporal muscle activity:

- no changes of respiratory parameters

- total bruxism duration

- no changes of sleep bruxism activity

- number of bruxism episodes/night

- number of bruxism episodes/h

Between-groups post- treatment differences

No changes

- number of bruxism burst/episode

- number of bruxism burst/h

- amplitude of bruxism episodes