Table 1 Sample distribution by indicators of poverty and social exclusion
Variable | Domain | Indicator | n | (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Poverty | Housing quality | Inadequate housing (walls and ceiling not made of bricks and cement) | 72 | (80.0) |
Household crowding | Overcrowded household (more than 3 persons per room) | 4 | (4.4) | |
Access to sanitation | No access to safe water supply and sewerage facilities | 90 | (100.0) | |
Access to education | Low school enrolment (1 or more children aged 6–12 not attending school) | 2 | (2.2) | |
Dependence rate | High dependency rate (household head without secondary education, more than 2 dependants) | 31 | (34.4) | |
Social Exclusion | Distributional and material | Labour market performance (more than 12 months of unemployment) | 2 | (2.2) |
Living standards (last decile of Proportional Deprivation Index) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
Income poverty (below 50% of the mean equivalent household income) | 13 | (14.4) | ||
Educational status (No vocational training) | 80 | (88.9) | ||
Housing conditions (less than 1 room per person or no bath/toilet) | 62 | (68.9) | ||
Residential area (feeling of insecurity and bad living conditions in neighbourhood) | 32 | (35.6) | ||
Relational and participatory | Social relationships (no close friends and limited chances to contact other people) | 12 | (13.3) | |
Politics (pessimism concerning political influence and no interest in politics) | 82 | (91.1) | ||
Anomie (feeling lonely or that life is too complicated) | 27 | (30.0) | ||
Anxiety (depression and frightening thoughts) | 37 | (41.1) | ||
Long-term perspective | Development of living conditions | 28 | (31.1) |