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Table 2 Principal characteristics of new oral anticoagulants (NOAs)

From: Managing patients taking novel oral anticoagulants (NOAs) in dentistry: a discussion paper on clinical implications

NOAs

Class

Indications

Dosage

Time to peak plasma concentration

Half life

Routes of elimination

Monitoring of coagulation

Dabigatran etexilate

Direct thrombin inhibitor

Prevention of cerebrovascular complications in non-valvular atrial fibrillation; hip and knee replacement surgery; venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and management

110 mg- 150 mg twice daily

2–4 h

12–14 h; 14–17 h in elderly; 15–18 h in moderate renal impairment; up to 28 h in advanced renal impairment

80 % renal, 20 % hepatic

Not needed

Rivaroxaban

Direct inhibitor of factor Xa

Prevention of cerebrovascular complications in non-valvular atrial fibrillation; venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and management

20 mg daily

2.5–4 h

5–10 h; 12–13 h in patients > 75 years

66 % renal, 28 % in feces

Not needed

Apixaban

Direct inhibitor of factor Xa

Prevention of cerebrovascular complications in non-valvular atrial fibrillation; venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and management

5 mg twice daily

1–3 h

10–14 h

25 % renal, 55 % intestinal, remnant hepatic

Not needed