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Table 4 Adjustment for effect of oral-health-related background factors on difference in dependent variable ‘caries’ between cases and controls

From: Oral-health-related background factors and dental service utilisation among Sudanese children with and without a congenital heart defects

 

Crude analysis

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Multiple analysis

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Status

 Controls (R)

1

1

 CHD cases

2.28 (1.39–3.73) **

1.84 (1.07–3.16) **

Brushing

 Frequent (R)

1

1

 Not frequent

5.08 (1.89–13.64)**

5.02 (1.71–14.74)**

Fluoride

 Frequent (R)

1

1

 Not frequent

1.15 (0.71–1.86)

0.63 (0.35–1.22)

Caregiver’s caries knowledge

 Good knowledge (R)

1

1

 Low knowledge

3.68 (1.02–13.36)**

2.46 (0.64–9.47)

Mother’s education

 Higher education (R)

1

1

 Lower education

1.46 (0.69–3.11)

0.97 (0.88–2.61)

Child’s dental services utilisation

 Yes (R)

1

1

 No

1.01 (0.58–1.77)

0.91 (0.51–1.65)

  1. Logistic regression analysis (bivariate and multivariate) was used to determine whether there was a difference in the prevalence of caries (Decayed, missed and filled teeth; DMFT/dmft > 0 and DMFT/dmft = 0) between CHD cases (n = 111) and controls (n = 182) while controlling for the different oral- health-related background variables (independent variables). Odds ratios (ORs) are presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). **donates significance at p < 0.01