From: Oral Cancer Awareness Among Dental Patients in Omdurman, Sudan: a cross-sectional Study
Signs and symptoms | Totals % (n) | Risk factors | Totals % (n) |
---|---|---|---|
Dry mouth | Â | Use of Toombak | Â |
No | 55.8(279) | No | 4.6(23) |
Yes | 44.2(221) | Yes | 95.4(477) |
Bleeding | Â | Smoking | Â |
No | 45.8(229) | No | 10.8(54) |
Yes | 54.2(271) | Yes | 89.2(446) |
Burning sensation | Â | Alcohol | Â |
No | 58.6(293) | No | 20.6(103) |
Yes | 41.4(207) | Yes | 79.4(397) |
Numbness | Â | Family history | Â |
No | 50.8(254) | No | 72.6(363) |
Yes | 49.2(246) | Yes | 27.4(137) |
Difficulty in chewing | Â | Exposure to sun | Â |
No | 48.9(244) | No | 80.6(403) |
Yes | 51.1(255) | Yes | 19.4(97) |
Difficulty in swallowing | Â | Aging | Â |
No | 51.2(256) | No | 69.4(347) |
Yes | 48.8(244) | Yes | 30.6(153) |
Soreness in mouth | Â | Bad oral hygiene | Â |
No | 37.5(187) | No | 29.4(147) |
Yes | 62.5(312) | Yes | 70.6(353) |
Teeth loosing | Â | Chronic irritation | Â |
No | 46.6(233) | No | 71.8(359) |
Yes | 53.4(267) | Yes | 28.2(141) |
Pain | Â | Sedentary life | Â |
No | 48.9(244) | No | 83.6(418) |
Yes | 51.1(255) | Yes | 16.6(82) |
White patches | Â | Spicy food | Â |
No | 36.3(181) | No | 69.8(349) |
Yes | 63.7(318) | Yes | 30.2(151) |
Swelling | Â | Spiritual | Â |
No | 45(225) | No | 78(390) |
Yes | 55(275) | Yes | 22(110) |
Change in color | Â | Â | Â |
No | 35(175) | Â | Â |
Yes | 65(325) | Â | Â |
Ulcer | Â | Â | Â |
No | 32.8(164) | Â | Â |
Yes | 67.2(336) | Â | Â |