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Table 2 Percentages and frequencies of recognized signs, symptoms and risk factors of oral cancer

From: Oral Cancer Awareness Among Dental Patients in Omdurman, Sudan: a cross-sectional Study

Signs and symptoms

Totals % (n)

Risk factors

Totals % (n)

Dry mouth

 

Use of Toombak

 

No

55.8(279)

No

4.6(23)

Yes

44.2(221)

Yes

95.4(477)

Bleeding

 

Smoking

 

No

45.8(229)

No

10.8(54)

Yes

54.2(271)

Yes

89.2(446)

Burning sensation

 

Alcohol

 

No

58.6(293)

No

20.6(103)

Yes

41.4(207)

Yes

79.4(397)

Numbness

 

Family history

 

No

50.8(254)

No

72.6(363)

Yes

49.2(246)

Yes

27.4(137)

Difficulty in chewing

 

Exposure to sun

 

No

48.9(244)

No

80.6(403)

Yes

51.1(255)

Yes

19.4(97)

Difficulty in swallowing

 

Aging

 

No

51.2(256)

No

69.4(347)

Yes

48.8(244)

Yes

30.6(153)

Soreness in mouth

 

Bad oral hygiene

 

No

37.5(187)

No

29.4(147)

Yes

62.5(312)

Yes

70.6(353)

Teeth loosing

 

Chronic irritation

 

No

46.6(233)

No

71.8(359)

Yes

53.4(267)

Yes

28.2(141)

Pain

 

Sedentary life

 

No

48.9(244)

No

83.6(418)

Yes

51.1(255)

Yes

16.6(82)

White patches

 

Spicy food

 

No

36.3(181)

No

69.8(349)

Yes

63.7(318)

Yes

30.2(151)

Swelling

 

Spiritual

 

No

45(225)

No

78(390)

Yes

55(275)

Yes

22(110)

Change in color

   

No

35(175)

  

Yes

65(325)

  

Ulcer

   

No

32.8(164)

  

Yes

67.2(336)

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