Table 1 Demographic profile of the children and families, child oral health, and parental report of child oral health-related behaviors
6–7 years old | 10–11 years old | |
|---|---|---|
Child gender | n = 539 | n = 445 |
Male | 245 (46%) | 188 (42%) |
Female | 255 (47%) | 201 (45%) |
Missing gender data (no parent questionnaire) | 39 (7%) | 56 (13%) |
Decayed teeth | ||
Mean number of decayed primary teeth (SD) | 7.8 (4.4) | 1.4 (2.0) |
Mean number of decayed permanent teeth (SD) | 0.8 (1.2) | 2.7 (2.4) |
Percentage of children with no decayed teeth | ||
% dt = 0 | 31 (6.4%) | 207 (51.8%) |
% DT = 0 | 301 (62.5%) | 73 (18.3%) |
% dt and % DT = 0 | 29 (6.0%) | 41 (10.3%) |
Child oral cleanliness | ||
Substantial plaque visible | 238 (49.4%) | 153 (38.3%) |
Abundant bleeding on gentle probing | 63 (13.1%) | 68 (17.0%) |
Missing data | 57 (10.6%) | 45 (10.1%) |
Mothers’ education level | ||
Primary education | 107 (20%) | 68 (15%) |
Secondary education | 217 (40%) | 152 (34%) |
Higher education | 95 (18%) | 68 (15%) |
Missing data | 120 (22%) | 157 (35%) |
Parent report of their own tooth-brushing behavior | ||
Less than twice daily | 77 (24%) | 49 (22%) |
Twice daily or more | 187 (59%) | 126 (56%) |
Missing data | 53 (17%) | 51 (23%) |
Parent report of their child’s tooth-brushing behavior | ||
Never | 7 (1.6%) | 3 (1.0%) |
Not every day/every other day | 20 (4.6%) | 13 (4.2%) |
Once a day | 23 (5.3%) | 16 (5.2%) |
Twice a day | 338 (77.7%) | 230 (74.9%) |
Three times a day | 47 (10.8%) | 45 (14.7%) |
Missing data | 104 (19.3%) | 138 (31.0%) |
Parent report of their child’s sweet-eating frequency | ||
Every day | 90 (21.1%) | 42 (14.1%) |
Most days | 102 (23.9%) | 60 (20.1%) |
Once a week/occasionally | 234 (43.4%) | 195 (43.8%) |
Never | 1 (0.2%) | 2 (0.7%) |
Missing data | 112 (20.1%) | 146 (32.8%) |
Parent report describing how they sweeten their child’s drinks | ||
Sweeten with sugar | 187 (44.2%) | 149 (51.0%) |
Sweeten with honey | 66 (15.6%) | 28 (9.6%) |
Sweeten with condensed milk | 62 (14.7%) | 39 (13.4%) |
Never sweeten drinks | 115 (27.2%) | 77 (26.4%) |
Missing data | 116 (21.5%) | 153 (34.4%) |
Parent report of what drinks are sweetened | ||
Sweeten milk | 131 (31.0%) | 70 (24.1%) |
Sweeten water | 9 (2.1%) | 6 (2.1%) |
Sweeten tea | 260 (61.6%) | 196 (67.4%) |
Missing data | 117 (21.7%) | 154 (34.6%) |