Table 1 Demographic, socioeconomic and clinical data for the study groups
| Â | Healthy | Chronic periodontitis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Non-smoker | Smoker | Non-smoker | Smoker |
|  | N = 37 | N = 18 | N = 30 | N = 9 |
Gender | ||||
 Male (%) | 14 (37.8) | 16 (88.9) | 5 (16.7) | 7 (77.8) |
 Female (%) | 23 (62.2) | 2 (11.1) | 25 (83.3) | 2 (22.2) |
P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||
Age (mean ± SD), years | 31.84 ± 10.10 | 26.94 ± 8.39 | 38.96 ± 10.65 | 40.63 ± 6.72 |
P value | 0.065 | 0.600 | ||
Education level | ||||
  ≥ University (%) | 15 (40.5) | 10 (55.6) | 13 (46.4) | 7 (87.5) |
  < University (%) | 22 (59.5) | 8 (44.4) | 15 (53.6) | 1 (12.5) |
P value | 0.294 | 0.039 | ||
Family income | ||||
 Low income (%) | 17 (45.9) | 10 (55.6) | 19 (65.5) | 5 (55.6) |
 Middle income (%) | 12 (32.4) | 4 (22.2) | 10 (34.5) | 4 (44.4) |
 High income (%) | 7 (18.9) | 4 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) | (0.0) |
P value | 0.750 | 0.699 | ||
PPD (mean ± SD), mm | 2.41 ± 0.82 | 1.87 ± 0.64 | 5.14 ± 0.74 | 4.75 ± 0.89 |
P value | 0.017 | 0.284 | ||
CAL (mean ± SD), mm | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 5.14 ± 1.06 | 4.88 ± 0.84 |
P value | 1.000 | 0.471 | ||
PI (mean ± SD) | 1.41 ± 0.50 | 1.60 ± 0.51 | 2.31 ± 0.54 | 2.38 ± 0.74 |
P value | 0.240 | 0.823 | ||
GI (mean ± SD) | 1.47 ± 0.62 | 1.60 ± 0.63 | 2.31 ± 0.54 | 2.25 ± 0.46 |
P value | 0.511 | 0.758 | ||
Smoking quantitiy | ||||
  < 10 cig/day (%) | – | 3 (16.7) | – | 0 (0.0) |
 10–20 cig/day (%) | – | 11 (61.1) | – | 7 (77.8) |
  > 20 cig/day (%) | – | 4 (22.2) | – | 2 (22.2) |
Smoking duration | ||||
  < 5 years (%) | – | 4 (22.2) | – | 2 (22.2) |
 5–10 years (%) | – | 10 (65.6) | – | 4 (44.5) |
  > 10 years (%) | – | 4 (22.2) | – | 3 (33.3) |