Fig. 6From: Evaluation of the safety and efficiency of novel metallic implant scaler tips manufactured by the powder injection molding techniqueThe average roughness (Ra) and maximum height roughness (Rmax) of titanium disk after instrumentation. Copper metallic implant tip (CU), Bronze metallic implant tip (BR), 316 L stainless steel implant tip (316 L), Conventional stainless steel (SS). Same superscript letter means no statistical difference (p > 0.05)Back to article page