Smoking and attitudes towards its cessation among native and international dental students in Lithuania

Zaborskis, Apolinaras; Volkyte, Aiste; Narbutaite, Julija; Virtanen, Jorma I.

doi:10.1186/s12903-017-0397-y

Table 2 Results of the internal consistency and explanatory factor analysis^a of the scale

From: Smoking and attitudes towards its cessation among native and international dental students in Lithuania

Scales, items^b, and measures	Factor 1	Factor 2
Harmfulness (of smoking)
Cronbach’s α = 0.73 KMO measure: 0.67; Bartlett’s test: p < 0.001
How harmful is smoking to oral health?	0.86
How harmful is smoking to health?	0.81
How harmful is environmental cigarette smoke to health?	0.77
Total variance explained by a Factor	66.9%
Addiction (to smoking)
Cronbach’s α = 0.68 KMO measure:0.71; Bartlett’s test: p < 0.001
Habitually addictive	0.77
Psychologically addictive	0.73
Physically addictive	0.70
Socially addictive	0.67
Total variance explained by a Factor	51.8%
Willingness (to patients’ smoking cessation)
Cronbach’s α = 0.79 KMO measure: 0.75; Bartlett’s test: p < 0.001
Are you willing to use anti-tobacco programs in your own practice? (e.g. flyers, advisement, … etc.)	0.77
Are you willing to show your patients the damage smoking can cause upon general health?	0.75
Are you willing to advise patients to stop smoking?	0.75
Are you willing to cooperate actively in anti-tobacco programs on community level?	0.74
Are you willing to show your patients the damage that smoking can cause upon oral health?	0.68
Total variance explained by a Factor	54.2%
Attitude (towards patients’ smoking cessation)
Cronbach’s α = 0.69 KMO measure: 0.70; Bartlett’s test: p < 0.001
Items related to Factor 1:
Smoking prevention should be part of health care personnel’s education	0.84	0.15
Health care personnel should get special training to help patients willing to quit smoking	0.83	0.14
It is a dentist’s responsibility and duty to try to get patients to quit smoking	0.62	0.21
My knowledge and skills are sufficient to guide patients who want to quit smoking	0.56	−0.06
Items related to Factor 2:
The main obstacle for quitting smoking is insufficient information about cessation methods	0.08	0.79
The main obstacle for quitting smoking for patients is insufficient information about risks of smoking	0.06	0.71
Patients need mainly practical tips on how to quit smoking	0.03	0.66
Support from a health professional is needed to quit smoking	0.18	0.50
Total variance explained by a Factor	26.5%	23.8%

^aExtraction method: Principal Component Analysis; Rotation method: Varimax
^bItems were sorted by descending values of loadings

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