Are there differences in treatment effects between labial and lingual fixed orthodontic appliances? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 3 Angles and distances measured in the studies included in the systematic review

	Gorman and Smith [9]	Soldanova et al. [7]	Wang et al. [31]	Deguchi et al. [8]
Angles	U1-SN^a/L1-MP^a/U1-L1^a/MP-OP/SN-MP^a/SNB^a/N-S-Gn	Position of the incisors relative to mandibular line (ML)	SNA/SNB/ANB/SND/1-NA/1-NB/IIA/OP-SN/GoGn-SN/FMA/FM1A/IMPA	SNA/SNB^a/ANB/SN-U1^a/IIA^a/MP-SN^a/L1-Mp/Occl-Pl
Distances (mm)	ULi-SN0/ULcr-SN LPi-MP/LIcr-MP/S-Gn/Me-N^a/Ans-Me S-Go	Position of the incisors relative to A – Po Distance of incisor apex CB – C ′ B^b	1-NA/1-NB/Po-NB/SL/SE	S-N/N-Me^a/OJ/OB PP-U1/PP-U6/PTM-U6[PP]/MP-L1^a/MP-L6/L6-B[MP]

See abbreviations
^aAngles and/or distances included in the meta-analysis
^bPoints C and B were constructed. Point B was defined as the point of intersection of the connecting line between the A-Po point and ML, and point C as the intersection of the lower incisor axis and ML

ISSN: 1472-6831