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Table 5 Effect of the studied variables upon the lingual appliance

From: Are there differences in treatment effects between labial and lingual fixed orthodontic appliances? A systematic review and meta-analysis

 

U1-SN

L1-MP

U1-L1/IIA

SN-MP

SNB

Me-N

Fulmer and Kuftinec 1989a [40]

NA

NA

+

NA

NA

NA

Gorman and Smith 1991 [9]

–

–

–

–

–

–

Gimenez et al. 2010a [18]

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Soldanova et al. 2012 [7]

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Wang et al. 2014 [31]

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Deguchi et al. 2015 [8]

+

–

+

–

–

–

Bock et al. 2016a [44]

NA

NA

NA

NA

–

NA

  1. NA not available; +: Significant difference (p < 0.05); −: Nonsignificant (p > 0.05)
  2. aStudies excluded during the search process. See Fig. 1 for reasons for exclusion