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Table 3 Whole-mouth mean plaque index (PI) at months 1, 3, and 6 (full analysis set)

From: The effects of essential oil mouthrinses with or without alcohol on plaque and gingivitis: a randomized controlled clinical study

Mean PI

MOH (n = 122)

AFM (n = 121)

ACM (n = 122)

Baseline

 Mean ± SE

2.976 ± 0.020

2.991 ± 0.021

3.017 ± 0.024

Month 1

 Adj. mean ± SE

2.781 ± 0.024

2.186 ± 0.024

2.206 ± 0.024

Difference between treatments (95% CI)

Percent difference (%)

p- valuea

 AFM vs MOH

−0.595 (−0.662, −0.527)

−21.4

<0.001

 ACM vs MOH

−0.574 (−0.641, −0.507)

−20.6

<0.001

 ACM vs AFM

0.021 (−0.047, 0.088)

1.0

0.544

Month 3b

Adj. mean ± SE

2.806 ± 0.022

2.084 ± 0.022

2.032 ± 0.022

Difference between treatments (95% CI)

Percent difference (%)

p- valuea

 AFM vs MOH

−0.723 (−0.785, −0.661)

−25.8

<0.001

 ACM vs MOH

−0.775 (−0.837, −0.712)

−27.6

<0.001

 ACM vs AFM

−0.052 (−0.114, 0.010)

−2.5

0.102

Month 6c

 Adj. mean ± SE

2.881 ± 0.019

1.815 ± 0.019

1.791 ± 0.019

Difference between treatments (95% CI)

Percent difference (%)

p- valuea

 AFM vs MOH

−1.065 (−1.118, −1.012)

−37.0

<0.001

 ACM vs MOH

−1.090 (−1.143,-1.036)

−37.8

<0.001

 ACM vs AFM

−0.024 (−0.078, 0.029)

−1.3

0.371

  1. ACM Alcohol-containing essential oil mouthrinse, AFM Alcohol-free essential oil mouthrinse, CI Confidence interval, MGI Modified gingival index, MOH Mechanical oral hygiene, SE Standard error
  2. ap-values are based on ANCOVA model with term for treatment and baseline value as covariate
  3. bAt month 3, data for MOH, AFM, and ACM groups were obtained from 119 subjects in each group
  4. cAt month 6, data for MOH, AFM, and ACM groups were obtained from 118, 116, and 114 subjects, respectively