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Table 2 Characteristics of participants with or without dental injuries according to sex

From: Factors associated with sports-related dental injuries among young athletes: a cross-sectional study in Miyagi prefecture

Variables

Category

Males

Females

Non-injured, n (%)

Injured, n (%)

p value

Non-injured, n (%)

Injured, n (%)

p value

3540 (85.7)

592 (14.3)

 

1432 (89.3)

171 (10.7)

 

Grade

Elementary school

2909 (85.9)

478 (14.1)

0.402

1017 (89.0)

126 (11.0)

0.467

Junior high school

631 (84.7)

114 (15.3)

 

415 (90.2)

45 (9.8)

 

BMI

Underweight

2391 (85.1)

418 (14.9)

0.199

936 (89.1)

114 (10.9)

0.908

Normal weight

1034 (86.5)

161 (13.5)

 

474 (89.8)

54 (10.2)

 

Overweight

115 (89.8)

13 (10.2)

 

22 (88.0)

3 (12.0)

 

Sports

Baseball

1260 (86.5)

196 (13.5)

 

73 (92.2)

5 (7.8)

 

Soccer

992 (86.0)

161 (14.0)

 

59 (92.2)

5 (7.8)

 

Volleyball

115 (85.8)

19 (14.2)

 

349 (87.5)

50 (12.5)

 

Basketball

582 (85.2)

101 (14.8)

 

501 (89.3)

60 (10.7)

 

Judo

123 (82.6)

26 (17.4)

 

52 (94.5)

3 (5.5)

 

Kendo

215 (84.3)

40 (15.7)

 

124 (87.9)

17 (12.1)

 

Karate

117 (86.0)

19 (14.0)

 

43 (91.5)

4 (8.5)

 

Handball

15 (75.0)

5 (25.0)

 

13 (92.9)

1 (7.1)

 

Tennis

38 (80.9)

9 (19.1)

 

58 (87.9)

8 (12.1)

 

Athletics

38 (84.4)

7 (15.6)

 

59 (86.8)

9 (13.2)

 

Table Tennis

20 (80.0)

5 (20.0)

 

37 (94.9)

2 (5.1)

 

Badminton

25 (86.2)

4 (13.8)

 

64 (91.4)

6 (8.6)

 

Contact sport

Non-contact

121 (82.9)

25 (17.1)

0.554

218 (89.7)

25 (10.3)

0.796

Limited-contact

1948 (86.1)

314 (13.9)

 

920 (88.8)

116 (11.2)

 

Semi-contact

339 (85.0)

60 (15.0)

 

169 (89.9)

21 (11.1)

 

Full-contact

1132 (85.4)

193 (14.6)

 

125 (93.3)

9 (6.7)

 

Team level

Area competition

2059 (86.3)

328 (13.7)

0.026

785 (89.9)

88 (10.1)

0.252

Prefectural competition

1262 (85.7)

210 (14.3)

 

490 (89.6)

57 (10.4)

 

Regional competition

219 (80.2)

54 (19.8)

 

157 (85.8)

26 (14.2)

 

Experience (years)

≤1

1481 (86.2)

237 (13.8)

0.540

657 (90.1)

72 (9.9)

0.280

1 to 5

1653 (85.6)

279 (14.4)

 

616 (88.0)

84 (12.0)

 

≥5

406 (84.2)

76 (15.8)

 

159 (91.4)

15 (8.6)

 

Training days per week (days)

<3

2185 (86.6)

337 (13.4)

0.027

661 (89.2)

80 (10.8)

0.877

≥3

1355 (84.2)

255 (15.8)

 

771 (89.4)

91 (10.6)

 

Enjoyment in playing sport

Yes

3484 (85.8)

575 (14.2)

0.027

1396 (89.5)

164 (10.5)

0.227

No

56 (76.7)

17 (23.3)

 

36 (83.7)

7 (16.3)

 

The time for breaks

Sufficient

3212 (86.3)

511 (13.7)

0.001

1261 (89.3)

151 (10.7)

0.925

Insufficient

328 (80.2)

81 (19.8)

 

171 (89.5)

20 (10.5)

 

Verbal abuse from coaches

No

2841 (86.7)

434 (13.3)

<0.001

1113 (89.9)

125 (10.1)

0.173

Yes

699 (81.6)

158 (18.4)

 

319 (87.4)

46 (12.6)

 

Physical punishment from coaches

No

3116 (86.5)

485 (13.5)

<0.001

1272 (89.5)

149 (10.5)

0.510

Yes

424 (79.8)

107 (20.2)

 

160 (87.9)

22 (12.1)

 

Screen time per day (hours)

<3

1189 (85.8)

197 (14.2)

0.426

583 (88.5)

76 (11.5)

0.231

3 to 5

1332 (86.2)

213 (13.8)

 

504 (91.0)

50 (9.0)

 

≥5

1019 (84.8)

182 (15.2)

 

345 (88.5)

45 (11.5)

 

Sleep time per day (hours)

≤8.5

1126 (84.4)

208 (15.6)

0.277

599 (88.7)

76 (11.3)

0.723

8.5 to 9

729 (86.3)

116 (13.7)

 

280 (88.9)

35 (11.1)

 

≥9

1685 (86.3)

268 (13.7)

 

553 (90.2)

60 (9.8)

 
  1. BMI body mass index
  2. P values representing significant differences (<0.05) are indicated in bold