Skip to main content

Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the prevalence of dental injuries

From: Factors associated with sports-related dental injuries among young athletes: a cross-sectional study in Miyagi prefecture

Variables

Category

Males

Females

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

p value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

p value

Grade

Elementary school

1.00

 

1.00

 

Junior high school

1.03 (0.79–1.33)

0.856

0.87 (0.55–1.37)

0.544

BMI

Underweight

1.00

 

1.00

 

Normal weight

0.85 (0.69–1.04)

0.119

0.97 (0.67–1.41)

0.865

Overweight

0.64 (0.35–1.15)

0.134

1.25 (0.36–4.40)

0.729

Contact sport

Non-contact

1.00

 

1.00

 

Limited-contact

0.72 (0.45–1.15)

0.167

1.16 (0.67–2.00)

0.594

Semi-contact

0.76 (0.45–1.29)

0.311

1.07 (0.57–2.03)

0.830

Full-contact

0.77 (0.48–1.21)

0.257

0.95 (0.57–1.59)

0.841

Team level

Local competition

1.00

 

1.00

 

Prefectural competition

0.99 (0.81–1.19)

0.875

1.04 (0.72–1.51)

0.818

District competition

1.35 (0.96–1.90)

0.085

1.55 (0.93–2.58)

0.091

Experience (years)

≤1

1.00

 

1.00

 

>1 to <5

1.05 (0.86–1.27)

0.642

1.19 (0.85–1.68)

0.315

≥5

1.14 (0.85–1.53)

0.387

0.74 (0.40–1.39)

0.349

Training days per week (days)

<3

1.00

 

1.00

 

≥3

1.15 (0.96–1.39)

0.137

0.94 (0.66–1.34)

0.740

Enjoyment in playing sport

Yes

1.00

 

1.00

 

No

1.44 (0.81–2.54)

0.214

1.62 (0.69–3.84)

0.270

The time for breaks

Sufficient

1.00

 

1.00

 

Insufficient

1.35 (1.03–1.77)

0.032

0.88 (0.53–1.47)

0.623

Verbal abuse from coaches

No

1.00

 

1.00

 

Yes

1.31 (1.05–1.62)

0.015

1.29 (0.87–1.91)

0.206

Physical punishment from coaches

No

1.00

 

1.00

 

Yes

1.36 (1.06–1.75)

0.016

0.97 (0.57–1.63)

0.894

Screen time per day (hours)

≤3

1.00

 

1.00

 

>3 to <5

0.91 (0.74–1.13)

0.399

0.73 (0.50–1.07)

0.107

≥5

1.02 (0.81–1.28)

0.866

0.98 (0.65–1.48)

0.920

Sleep time per day (hours)

≤8.5

1.00

 

1.00

 

>8.5 to <9

0.87 (0.69–1.10)

0.241

0.89 (0.57–1.34)

0.520

≥9

0.87 (0.69–1.10)

0.246

0.76 (0.50–1.16)

0.206

  1. *Adjusted for the grade, body mass index (BMI), contact sport, team level, years of athletic experience, training days per week, enjoyment in playing, time for breaks, verbal abuse from coaches in the team, physical punishment from coaches in the team, screen time per day, sleep time per day and presence of dental injury. P values representing significant differences (<0.05) are indicated in bold