Table 4 Determinants of DFA in children (CFSS-DS score)
From: Children’s dental fear and anxiety: exploring family related factors
Model 1 (all children) | Model 2 (boys) | Model 3 (girls) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI)** | β (95% CI)** | β (95% CI)** | ||
Age (years) | Continuous | −0.165 (−1.229, 0.899) | 0.822 (− 1.339, 2.982) | − 0.838 (− 2.146, 0.470) |
Gender | Male # | |||
Female | 2.554 (−0.088, 5.197) | ─ | ─ | |
Place of birth | Hong Kong# | |||
Other places | −4.036 (− 8.848,0.776) | 0.839 (− 6.055, 7.733) | − 6.143 (− 13.355, 1.068) | |
Family monthly income | Continuous | −0.098 (−1.342, 1.146) | − 1.057 (− 2.835, 0.721) | 0.964 (− 0.925, 2.854) |
Family housing condition | Good# | |||
Moderate | −3.373 (− 8.068, 1.322) | −7.011 (− 13.943, − 0.079) | −2.977(− 9.927, 3.972) | |
Basic | −3.247 (− 6.857,0.363) | −7.752 (− 13.204, − 2.301)* | − 2.061 (− 7.240, 3.117) | |
Parental Education## | Continuous | −2.214 (− 5.415, 0.986) | −4.540 (− 9.825, 0.745) | −1.907 (− 6.314, 2.500) |
Parental Occupation## | Unemployed/housewives# | |||
Service /labours | 3.223 (−0.014, 6.460) | 5.646 (1.220, 10.071)* | 1.309 (− 3.608, 6.225) | |
Clerical/skilled workers | −0.434 (− 4.916, 4.048) | −5.057 (− 12.018, 1.904) | −0.509 (− 6.841, 5.822) | |
Managerial/ professional | 2.748 (− 6.035, 11.530) | 15.713 (− 0.516, 31.942) | − 4.041 (− 15.161, 7.079) | |
Age of first dental visit | 1–6 years-old # | |||
7–11 years-old | −0.153 (− 3.857, 3.551) | −3.001 (− 8.119, 2.117) | 3.416 (− 2.348, 9.179) | |
First visit as checkup | Checkup # | |||
Treatment | −0.749 (− 3.844, 2.347) | 1.520 (−3.098, 6.138) | − 1.885 (− 6.179, 2.409) | |
Having sibling | No # | |||
Yes | 3.386 (−0.210, 6.982) | 7.130 (1.757, 12.503)* | 1.147 (− 4.228, 6.523) | |
First child | No # | |||
Yes | 1.038 (−2.317, 4.394) | 3.159 (−2.090, 8.408) | − 0.010 (− 4.761, 4.740) | |
Family structure | Nuclear family# | |||
Single-parent family | −9.177(− 17.418,-0.936)* | − 4.564 (− 17.936, 8.808) | −13.933(− 25.136,-2.731)* | |
Mother’s dominant parenting style | Authoritative # | |||
Authoritarian | 0.062 (−3.283, 3.407) | 0.222 (−4.494, 4.938) | − 0.504 (− 5.392, 4.385) | |
Permissive | 2.277 (−4.071, 8.624) | 0.651 (− 10.264, 11.566) | 2.921 (−5.681, 11.523) | |
Father’s dominant parenting style | Authoritative # | |||
Authoritarian | 0.099 (−3.662, 3.859) | 0.720 (−4.730, 6.170) | 0.383 (−5.239, 6.006) | |
Permissive | 1.689 (−2.723, 6.101) | 4.298 (−1.834, 10.430) | −1.052 (− 7.703, 5.599) | |
Mother’s dental fear | Continuous | 0.209 (−0.251, 0.669) | 0.388 (−0.267, 1.042) | 0.044 (− 0.627, 0.716) |
Father’s dental fear | Continuous | 0.298 (−0.178, 0.774) | 0.310 (−0.344, 0.965) | 0.310 (− 0.407, 1.027) |
Constant | 28.845(13.512, 44.177) | 22.804(−5.129, 50.737) | 37.964 (17.833,58.095) | |
R2 = 0.095 | R2 = 0.224 | R2 = 0.117 |