From: The association between nutritive, non-nutritive sucking habits and primary dental occlusion
 | Incisor relationship | Canine relationship | Molar relationship | Overjet | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p-value | Class II incisor vs Class I incisor | Class III incisor vs Class I incisor | p-value | Class II canine vs Class I canine | Class III canine vs Class I canine | p-value | Bilateral Flush vs Bilateral Mesial step | Bilateral Mesial step vs Bilateral Distal step | p-value | Overjet > 3.5 mm vs non overjet > 3.5 mm | ||||||||
 | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |  | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |  | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |  | OR | 95% CI | |
Duration of daily pacifier use | 0.483 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.063 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.183 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.448 | Â | Â |
  > 1 year |  | 1.416 | 0.881–2.276 | 0.988 | 0.520–1.878 |  | 1.995 | 1.162–3.425 | 1.003 | 0.371–2.708 |  | 1.111 | 0.588–2.099 | 1.711 | 0.896–3.267 |  | 1.417 | 0.826–2.430 |
  < 1 year |  | 1.960 | 0.683–5.626 | 1.121 | 0.229–5.480 |  | 1.426 | 0.371–5.477 | 2.77 | 0.432–17.873 |  | 4.459 | 0.836–23.793 | 3.158 | 0.511–19.513 |  | 1.058 | 0.291–3.846 |
 Never |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – |
Duration of daily thumb/digit sucking | 0.001* | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.005* | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.455 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.000* | Â | Â |
  > 1 year |  | 2.930 | 1.628–5.274 | 0.966 | 0.354–2.635 |  | 3.483 | 1.312–9.245 | 0.658 | 0.073–5.967 |  | 1.005 | 0.415–2.434 | 1.663 | 0.715–3.867 |  | 3.603 | 1.987–6.533 |
 Never |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – |