Table 2 Income, wealth and other factors associated with not having a dentist visit in the past 12 months among adults aged 20 years and over in the United States^d

Age groups

20–44 years

1.24 (1.10–1.38)

1.16 (1.04–1.30)

ns

45–64 years

1.03 (0.93–1.13)

1.02 (0.94–1.12)

ns

65+ years^c

1.00

1.00

Sex

Female^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

Male

1.15 (1.07–1.24)

1.14 (1.06–1.22)

1.13 (1.05–1.21)

Race/ethnicity

Non-Hispanic White^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

Total Hispanics

1.58 (1.42–1.77)

1.16 (1.07–1.25)

1.20 (1.10–1.76)

Non-Hispanic Black

1.45 (1.31–1.60)

1.12 (1.05–1.20)

1.12 (1.04–1.21)

Non-Hispanic Asian

1.13 (0.97–1.30)

1.22 (1.09–1.37)

1.20 (1.07–1.35)

Country of birth

Born in the United States^c

1.00

Born in other countries

1.24 (1.14–1.35)

ns

ns

Marital status

Married/cohabiting^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

Widowed/separated

1.33 (1.22–1.45)

1.16 (1.09–1.24)

1.09 (1.03–1.16)

Never married

1.24 (1.14–1.35)

1.02 (0.95–1.09)

1.00 (0.94–1.08)

Education

More than 12 years^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

12 years

1.54 (1.42–1.66)

1.17 (1.09–1.25)

1.23 (1.15–1.32)

Less than 12 years

1.96 (1.79–2.14)

1.26 (1.16–1.36)

1.33 (1.25–1.42)

Job status

With a job^c

1.00

Without a job

1.07 (1.01–1.14)

ns

ns

Smoking status

Never smoker^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

Former smoker

1.04 (0.94–1.16)

1.05 (0.95–1.15)

1.00 (0.90–1.10)

Current smoker

1.57 (1.40–1.76)

1.18 (1.08–1.29)

1.17 (1.07–1.27)

Self-rated oral health status

Satisfied^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

Not satisfied

3.22 (2.73–3.80)

1.35 (1.24–1.47)

1.37 (1.26–1.48)

Untreated dental caries

No^c

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes

1.86 (1.72–2.01)

1.30 (1.21–1.39)

1.32 (1.23–1.41)

Income

High^c

1.00

1.00

n/a

Middle

1.76 (1.57–2.00)

1.48 (1.31–1.67)

n/a

Near poor

2.35 (2.07–2.66)

1.80 (1.58–2.05)

n/a

Poor

2.44 (2.17–2.73)

1.69 (1.51–1.90)

n/a

Wealth

High^c

1.00

n/a

1.00

Middle

1.90 (1.74–2.08)

n/a

1.57 (1.44–1.71)

Low

2.30 (2.05–2.58)

n/a

1.68 (1.52–1.85)