Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. Do you often have nasal congestion? | 73.1 | 69.9 | |
2. Is your mouth normally open? | 80.8 | 78.4 | |
3. Do you normally breathe through your mouth? | 84.0 | 70.7 | |
4. Are the gums of your front teeth often red and swollen? | 42.3 | 80.7 | |
5. Are your front teeth easily discolored? | 65.4 | 63.1 | |
6. Are you concerned that you may have bad breath? | 76.9 | 52.8 | |
7. Do you think you have an excessive overbite? | 42.3 | 76.7 | |
8. When you bite naturally, does your lower jaw extend excessively (mandibular protrusion)? Answer as follows: Yes, if your lower teeth extend beyond upper teeth, as in Fig. a Sometimes, if your upper and lower teeth are aligned, edge to edge, as in Fig. b No, if your upper teeth extend over your lower teeth | 23.1 | 83.8 | |
(A) | (B) | ||
9. When you swallow, does your tongue protrude between your teeth? | 30.8 | 93.1 | |
10. As an infant, were you bottle-fed, breast-fed, or both? Answer as follows:Yes, if bottle-fed onlySometimes, if bothNo, if breast-fed only | 50.0 | 63.6 | |
11. As a child (until around age 10), did you often have nasal congestion, from rhinitis or allergies? | 60.0 | 72.0 | |
12. Before age 16, were you ever diagnosed with bronchial asthma? Answer as follows: Yes, if you had asthma attacks after age 16 Sometimes, if you had asthma before age 16, but not afterwards. No, if you were never diagnosed with asthma. | 17.4 | 92.3 |