Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies
Author (Year) | Country | Study design | Clinicians | Inclusion criteria | Patients number (male/female) | Mean age | Intervention | Comparison | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aligner | Brace | Aligner | Brace | |||||||
Djeu (2005) [10] | America | Retrospective cohort study | Certified orthodontists | Nonextraction patients. Two groups had similar discrepancy index scores before treatment. | 48 (UK) | 48 (UK) | 33.6 ± 11.8 | 23.7 ± 11.0 | Invisalign® | Tip-edge braces |
Kuncio (2007) [13] | America | Retrospective cohort study | Certified orthodontists | Nonextraction patients. Two groups had similar distributions of gender, ethnicity, age, retainer wear, treatment, and posttreatment length. | 11 (1/10) | 11 (1/10) | 33.97± 8.98 | 26.79 ± 12.12 | Invisalign® | Tip-edge braces |
Pavoni (2011) [15] | Italy | Prospective cohort study | Orthodontists | Nonextraction patients. Class I malocclusion; mild crowding; vertebral maturation. | 20 (8/12) | 20 (11/9) | 18.33 | 15.50 | Invisalign® | Self-ligation braces |
Li (2015) [17] | China | Randomized controlled trial | Orthodontists | Extraction patients. Class I malocclusion; severity in complexity with discrepancy index score of 25. | 76 (27/45) | 76 (27/45) | 35.2±7.3 | 32.2 ± 8.3 | Invisalign® | 3 M Unitek braces |
Grunheid [14] | America | Retrospective cohort study | Orthodontic specialists | Nonextraction patients. Class I malocclusion; no periodontal attachment loss. | 30 (8/22) | 30 (8/22) | 25.0± 11.8 | 26.3 ± 13.5 | Invisalign® | Preadjusted edgewise braces |
Hennessy (2016) [16] | Ireland | Randomized controlled trial | Postgraduate students | Nonextraction patients. Mild crowding; skeletal class I malocclusion. | 20 (6/14) | 20 (7/13) | 29.1± 7.5 | 23.7 ± 7.0 | Invisalign® | Preadjusted edgewise braces |
Gu (2017) [12] | America | Retrospective cohort study | Orthodontic faculty and residents | Nonextraction patients. | 48 (16/32) | 48 (18/30) | 26.0± 9.7 | 22.1 ± 7.9 | Invisalign® | Straight-wire edgewise braces |
Lanteri (2018) [11] | Italy | Retrospective cohort study | UK | Nonextraction patients. Two groups had similar dental crowding and PAR index scores before treatment. | 100 (30/70) | 100 (30/70) | 28± 10 | 25± 10 | Invisalign® | Straight-wire edgewise braces (MBT prescription) |