From: Oral problems and associated risk indicators in adults in the Russian Federation, India, and China
Demographic, nutritional and behavioral variables and systemic diseases | The Russian Federation | India | China |
---|---|---|---|
N = 3666 | N = 10,871 | N = 13,326 | |
AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
Demographic variables | |||
 Age of adult in years | |||
  18–44 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  45–59 | 0.89 (0.66–1.19) | 1.72a (1.48–2.00) | 2.34a (1.71–3.20) |
  ≥ 60 | 0.75 (0.55–1.03) | 2.94a (2.54–3.40) | 4.25a (3.11–5.81) |
 Sex of adult | |||
  Male | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  Female | 1.64a (1.36–1.98) | 1.27a (1.10–1.46) | 1.23a (1.08–1.40) |
Nutritional and behavioral variables | |||
 Body mass index | |||
  ≥ 25 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  < 25 | 0.98 (0.82–1.18) | 1.12 (0.95–1.35) | 1.31a (1.16–1.48) |
 Currently smoking | |||
  No | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  Yes | 1.09 (0.88–1.37) | 1.07 (0.95–1.21) | 1.11 (0.96–1.29) |
 Currently using alcohol | |||
  No | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  Yes | 1.85a (1.56–2.19) | 0.85 (0.67–1.08) | 1.18a (1.03–1.36) |
Systemic diseases | |||
 Diabetes | |||
  No | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  Yes | 1.18 (0.90–1.54) | 1.29a (1.04–1.63) | 1.14 (0.92–1.42) |
 Hypertension | |||
  No | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  Yes | 1.31a (1.11–1.56) | 1.28a (1.10–1.49) | 1.12 (0.98–1.27) |
 Angina pectoris/Angina | |||
  No | Ref | Ref | Ref |
  Yes | 1.24a (1.04–1.49) | 1.47a (1.15–1.87) | 1.01 (0.83–1.23) |