Table 2 Prevalence and Univariate analysis of risk factors for dental caries in HIV infected adults attending an HIV care clinic in Uganda
Characteristic | Had dental caries N (row %) | Unadjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Overall | 626 (83.7) | 122 (16.3) | ||
Sex | ||||
Male | 201 (78.2) | 56 (21.8) | 1.00 | |
Female | 425 (86.6) | 66 (13.4) | 1.26 (1.09,1.49) | < 0.05 |
Age in years | ||||
18–24 | 34 (85.0) | 6 (15) | 1.00 | |
25–35 | 203 (83.9) | 39 (16.1) | 1.27 (0.89,1.81) | 0.18 |
36–45 | 247 (81.0) | 58 (19.0) | 1.32 (0.93,1.87) | 0.12 |
46–55 | 112 (86.8) | 17 (13.2) | 1.49 (1.03,2.16) | < 0.05 |
56+ | 30 (93.8) | 2 (6.2) | 1.90 (1.18,3.06) | < 0.05 |
Residence | ||||
Urban | 169 (82.8) | 35 (17.2) | 1.00 | |
Periurban | 245 (83.3) | 49 (16.7) | 1.14 (0.94,1.37) | 0.17 |
Rural | 212 (84.8) | 38 (15.2) | 1.26 (1.04,1.52) | < 0.05 |
Education Level | ||||
No formal education | 44 (83.0) | 9 (17.0) | 1.00 | |
Primary | 409 (83.0) | 84 (17.0) | 1.06 (0.79,1.42) | 0.69 |
Secondary | 126 (84.6) | 23 (15.4) | 0.97 (0.69,1.34) | 0.85 |
Tertiary | 47 (88.7) | 7 (11.3) | 1.12 (0.75,1.65) | 0.59 |
Years on ART | ||||
Less than 6 months | 149 (85.6) | 25 (14.4) | 1.00 | |
More than 6 months but less than 2 years | 56 (84.9) | 10 (15.1) | 0.94 (0.69,1.27) | 0.69 |
More than 2 years but less than 5 years | 86 (81.1) | 20 (18.9) | 1.17 (0.92,1.51) | 0.20 |
More than 5 years | 335 (83.3) | 67 (16.7) | 1.33 (1.11,1.60) | < 0.05 |
Tooth brushing habit | ||||
Seldom | 10 (76.9) | 3 (23.1) | 1.00 | |
Once a day | 179 (78.8) | 48 (22.2) | 0.75 (0.42,1.32) | 0.32 |
Twice or more | 435 (86.0) | 71 (14.0) | 0.87 (0.49,1.53) | 0.63 |
What is used to clean teeth | ||||
Toothbrush | 605 (83.7) | 118 (16.3) | 1.00 | |
Others (toothpicks, floss, charcoal) | 20 (83.3) | 4 (16.7) | 1.25 (0.83,1.89) | 0.29 |
Toothpaste use | ||||
Toothpaste | 557 (83.3) | 112 (16.7) | 1.00 | |
Other | 68 (87.2) | 10 (12.8) | 1.15 (0.91,1.43) | 0.23 |
Dry mouth experience (self-reported) | ||||
No | 600 (83.4) | 119 (16.6) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 23 (86.5) | 3 (11.5) | 1.35 (0.91,2.01) | 0.14 |
Ever visited a dentist | ||||
Yes | 509 (98.3) | 9 (1.7) | 1.00 | |
No | 116 (50.7) | 113 (49.3) | 0.28 (0.78,1.08) | < 0.05 |
Sugar Intake (Honey, Biscuits, Soda) | ||||
Less | 442 (82.3) | 95 (17.7) | 1.00 | |
More (Several times a week and more) | 184 (87.2) | 27 (12.8) | 0.92 (0.78,1.08) | 0.30 |