Table 2 Background characteristics of study participants and oral health scores (N = 2045)
Characteristics | Total N (%) | DMFT score Mean (SD) | LOA scorea Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | |||
 Age group, in years | |||
  20–39 | 814 (46.0) | 4.61 (3.6) | 0.11 (0.3) |
  40–59 | 929 (41.5) | 6.00 (5.4) | 0.23 (0.2) |
   ≥ 60 | 302 (12.6) | 13.07 (10.7) | 0.50 (0.6) |
 Gender | |||
  Men | 929 (52.8) | 5.76 (5.8) | 0.23 (0.4) |
  Women | 1116 (47.2) | 6.78 (6.4) | 0.17 (0.3) |
 Education status | |||
  Graduate and above | 531 (27.9) | 5.36 (5.8) | 0.99 (0.3) |
  Higher secondary | 573 (26.5) | 6.25 (6.4) | 0.18 (0.3) |
  High school | 530 (26.5) | 6.37 (5.8) | 0.25 (0.4) |
  Primary or below | 411 (19.1) | 7.38 (6.4) | 0.32 (0.5) |
 Monthly household income, in INR | |||
  ≤ 10,000 | 738 (33.8) | 6.19 (6.1) | 0.26 (0.4) |
  10,001–20,000 | 567 (28.6) | 6.32 (5.6) | 0.20 (0.3) |
  20,001–30,000 | 289 (14.2) | 5.84 (6.7) | 0.21 (0.4) |
  ≥ 30,001 | 406 (23.3) | 6.22 (6.0) | 0.11 (0.3) |
 Household asset index | |||
  Low | 725 (34.0) | 6.27 (5.7) | 0.26 (0.4) |
  Middle | 692 (34.8) | 6.13 (5.9) | 0.22 (0.4) |
  High | 628 (31.2) | 6.35 (6.8) | 0.12 (0.3) |
ORAL HEALTH PRACTICES | |||
 Frequency of cleaning | |||
  Irregular | 46 (2.6) | 13.35 (11.7) | 0.31 (0.4) |
  Once a day | 1458 (72.3) | 5.86 (5.6) | 0.21 (0.4) |
  Twice a day | 541 (25.1) | 6.62 (6.2) | 0.18 (0.3) |
 Dental service utilization | |||
  Never | 642 (32.4) | 4.04 (4.4) | 0.15 (0.3) |
   < 6 months | 299 (13.6) | 7.38 (6.9) | 0.17 (0.4) |
  6–24 months | 460 (23.6) | 7.29 (6.1) | 0.25 (0.4) |
   > 24 months | 644 (30.4) | 7.27 (6.9) | 0.23 (0.4) |
MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS AND DIABETES | |||
 Frequency of fruits intake | |||
  Daily/weekly | 1336 (66.3) | 6.08 (6.0) | 0.17 (0.4) |
  Monthly | 215 (10.5) | 6.90 (6.4) | 0.26 (0.4) |
  Never | 494 (23.2) | 6.41 (6.3) | 0.24 (0.4) |
 Frequency of sugary drinks consumption | |||
  Daily/weekly | 588 (31.1) | 5.42 (5.4) | 0.14 (0.3) |
  Monthly | 336 (16.1) | 6.92 (5.9) | 0.21 (0.4) |
  Never | 1121 (52.8) | 6.53 (6.5) | 0.24 (0.4) |
 Frequency of desserts consumption | |||
  Daily/weekly | 682 (36.0) | 5.75 (5.5) | 0.17 (0.4) |
  Monthly | 767 (37.2) | 6.29 (5.9) | 0.16 (0.3) |
  Never | 595 (26.8) | 6.84 (7.1) | 0.29 (0.4) |
 Tobacco consumptionb | |||
  Yes | 466 (27.5) | 5.99 (6.3) | 0.32 (0.4) |
  No | 1579 (72.6) | 6.34 (5.7) | 0.16 (0.3) |
 Alcohol consumptionb | |||
  Yes | 409 (25.7) | 5.75 (5.0) | 0.23 (0.3) |
  No | 1636 (74.3) | 6.42 (6.5) | 0.19 (0.4) |
 BMI groups | |||
  Underweight | 98 (5.4) | 3.88 (4.3) | 0.19 (0.3) |
  Normal | 804 (41.5) | 6.46 (6.0) | 0.22 (0.4) |
  Overweight | 695 (32.4) | 6.11 (5.9) | 0.20 (0.4) |
  Obese | 437 (20.6) | 6.58 (6.8) | 0.16 (0.3) |
 Diabetes Status | |||
  Diabetes | 406 (16.9) | 7.85 (8.6) | 0.28 (0.5) |
  No diabetes | 1639 (83.1) | 5.92 (5.5) | 0.18 (0.4) |