Table 3 Multivariable results of Zero Inflated Poisson regression by determinants of oral health (N = 1988)

  20–39

1

1

1

1

  40–59

0.93 (0.67–1.30)

1.20^d (1.15–1.26)

0.32^d (0.24–0.41)

1.35^d (1.22–1.48)

  ≥ 60

0.35^c (0.17–0.69)

2.43^d (2.30–2.62)

0.05^d (0.03–0.08)

2.65^d (2.40–2.93)

  Men

1

1

1

1

  Women

0.70 (0.48–1.03)

1.09^d (1.04–1.14)

1.06 (0.80–1.40)

0.89^d (0.84–0.95)

  Graduate and above

1

1

1

1

  Higher Secondary

0.80 (0.53–1.21)

1.08^c (1.03–1.14)

0.73 (0.53–1.01)

1.07 (0.99–1.16)

  High school

0.70 (0.44–1.13)

1.04 (0.98–1.10)

0.51^d (0.36–0.72)

1.03 (0.95–1.12)

  Primary or below

0.64 (0.36–1.14)

1.02 (0.95–1.08)

0.58^c (0.39–0.87)

1.06 (0.97–1.17)

  ≥ 30,001

1

1

1

1

  ≤ 10,000

0.73 (0.42–1.27)

1.17^d (1.10–1.25)

0.55^d (0.37–0.83)

1.13^b (1.03–1.25)

  10,001–20,000

0.68 (0.41–1.14)

1.07^b (1.01–1.13)

0.63^b (0.44–0.91)

0.96 (0.88–1.04)

  20,001–30,000

0.84 (0.50–1.39)

1.07^b (1.01–1.13)

0.69 (0.47–1.01)

1.09 (1.00–1.19)

  High

1

1

1

1

  Low

0.79 (0.42–1.38)

0.98 (0.92–1.05)

0.75 (0.50–1.12)

0.93 (0.84–1.02)

  Middle

0.92 (0.59–1.42)

0.95 (0.91–1.00)

1.03 (0.75–1.42)

0.97 (0.91–1.05)

  Twice a day

1

1

1

1

  Irregular

0.27 (0.06–1.22)

1.68^d (1.53–1.83)

0.73 (0.35–1.52)

1.94^d (1.74–2.16)

  Once a day

0.89 (0.63–1.25)

0.98 (0.95–1.02)

1.24 (0.97–1.58)

1.08^c (1.02–1.14)

  < 6 months

1

1

1

1

  6–24 months

1.11 (0.59–2.09)

0.97 (0.97–1.07)

0.93 (0.66–1.31)

0.89^d (0.82–0.97)

  > 24 months

1.31^d (0.73–2.37)

1.02 (0.97–1.07)

1.15 (0.83–1.59)

0.99 (0.92–1.06)

  Never

4.71^d (2.70–8.18)

0.72^d (0.67–0.76)

2.14^d (1.51–3.04)

0.74^d (0.67–0.81)

  Daily/weekly

1

1

1

1

  Monthly

0.71 (0.41–1.21)

1.10^c (1.04–1.16)

0.69^b (0.48–0.99)

1.09^b (1.01–1.18)

  Never

0.81 (0.55–1.18)

1.06^c (1.02–1.11)

0.86 (0.65–1.12)

1.07^b (1.01–1.14)

  Never

1

1

1

1

  Daily/weekly

0.91 (0.64–1.29)

1.00 (0.96–1.04)

1.10 (0.85–1.42)

1.03 (0.96–1.10)

  Monthly

0.89 (0.58–1.38)

1.11^d (1.06–1.16)

0.89 (0.65–1.20)

1.00 (0.93–1.08)

  Never

1

1

1

1

  Daily/weekly

0.79 (0.53–1.18)

1.02 (0.97–1.07)

1.30 (0.98–1.74)

1.09^b (1.02–1.17)

  Monthly

0.82 (0.56–1.20)

1.02 (0.97–1.06)

1.39^b (1.06–1.83)

0.97 (0.91–1.03)

  No

1

1

1

1

  Yes

1.35 (0.89–2.03)

1.05 (1.00–1.10)

0.69^b (0.51–0.94)

0.95 (0.88–1.02)

  No

1

1

1

1

  Yes

0.84 (0.55–1.28)

0.97 (0.91–1.02)

1.00 (0.72–1.38)

0.83^d (0.77–0.90)

  Normal

1

1

1

1

  Underweight

1.24 (0.68–2.27)

0.91^b (0.82–0.99)

1.14 (0.67–1.94)

0.92 (0.79–1.08)

  Overweight

0.73 (0.50–1.04)

0.92^d (0.89–0.97)

0.97 (0.75–1.26)

1.03 (0.96–1.09)

  Obese

0.82 (0.52–1.27)

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

1.21 (0.88–1.67)

1.24^d (1.15–1.34)

  No Diabetes

1

1

1

1

  Diabetes

0.95 (0.62–1.45)

1.07^c (1.03–1.12)

0.90 (0.68–1.19)

1.10^c (1.04–1.17)