Table 6 Association between parenting practices and gingival index
From: Parenting practices and oral health status in rural areas in Egypt: a household survey
Factor | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | ||
Mother’s parenting practices | Involvement | – | − 0.006 (− 0.02, 0.006) | – | −0.005 (− 0.02,0.009) |
Positive parenting | – | 0.009 (−0.008, 0.03) | – | 0.002 (− 0.02, 0.02) | |
Inconsistent discipline | – | 0.0004 (−0.01, 0.01) | – | −0.002 (− 0.02, 0.01) | |
Poor monitoring | – | −0.02 (− 0.03, − 0.004) | – | −0.009 (− 0.04, 0.02) | |
Corporal punishment | – | −0.004 (− 0.014,0.006) | – | − 0.009 (− 0.02,0.003) | |
Father’s parenting practices | Involvement | – | – | − 0.004 (− 0.02,0.007) | −0.003 (− 0.02, 0.01) |
Positive parenting | – | – | 0.01 (0.001, 0.02) | 0.009 (−0.004,0.02) | |
Inconsistent discipline | – | – | 0.001 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.003 (−0.01, 0.02) | |
Poor monitoring | – | – | −0.02 (− 0.04, − 0.002) | −0.01 (− 0.04, 0.02) | |
Corporal punishment | – | – | 0.003 (−0.007,0.01) | 0.01 (− 0.003,0.02) | |
Brushing frequency | Less than once daily | 0.11 (0.10, 0.21) | – | – | – |
Once or more daily | reference | – | – | – | |
Dental visits per year | At least once | −0.04 (−0.11, 0.04) | – | – | – |
Less than once or never | reference | – | – | – | |
Sugar consumption | Less than once daily | −0.04 (− 0.13, 0.05) | – | – | – |
At least once daily | reference | – | – | – | |
Adjusted R2 | 0.084 | 0.087 | 0.092 | 0.090 | |