Table 1 Chi-square tests of the response to each question of participants’ families (n = 8446)
Row total n(%) | Mother’s education level n(%) (n = 8385) | Father’s education level n(%) (n = 8397) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Middle school or below | High school | College | Undergraduate or above | x2-test (P) | Middle school or below | High school | College | Undergraduate or above | x2-test (P) | ||
Family characteristics | |||||||||||
Number of children [one (omitted) vs. two or more] n = 8446 | 4154 (49.18) | 1544(72.28) | 1154(52.57) | 608(36.89) | 843(34.52) | < 0.001 | 1279(71.93) | 1132(54.95) | 605(39.52) | 1115(36.82) | < 0.001 |
Oral health-related behaviors of children | |||||||||||
Brushing teeth [no (omitted) vs. yes] n = 8446 | 8120 (96.14) | 2004(93.82) | 2109(96.08) | 1615(98.00) | 2371(97.09) | < 0.001 | 1668(93.81) | 1979(96.07) | 1484(96.93) | 2946(97.29) | < 0.001 |
Brushing frequency [once (omitted) vs. twice or more] n = 8120 | 4565 (56.22) | 747(37.28) | 1095(51.92) | 1012(62.66) | 1703(71.83) | < 0.001 | 602(36.09) | 968(48.91) | 914(61.59) | 2054(69.72) | < 0.001 |
Dental visit [no (omitted) vs. yes] n = 8446 | 5898 (69.83) | 1284(60.11) | 1444(65.79) | 1237(75.06) | 1920(78.62) | < 0.001 | 1039(58.44) | 1365(66.26) | 1116(72.89) | 2343(77.38) | < 0.001 |
Dental visit in past 12 months [no (omitted) vs. yes] n = 5898 | 4233 (71.77) | 873(67.99) | 1023(70.84) | 885(71.54) | 1445(75.26) | < 0.001 | 708(68.14) | 939(68.79) | 794(71.15) | 1772(75.63) | < 0.001 |
Reasons for dental visit [consultation (omitted) vs. treatment] n = 4200 | 1839 (43.79) | 284(33.29) | 426(41.72) | 414(46.99) | 713(49.55) | < 0.001 | 229(32.90) | 389(41.87) | 361(45.64) | 851(48.22) | < 0.001 |
Oral health knowledge literacy of parents | |||||||||||
Gingival bleeding is normal [correct (omitted) vs. wrong] n = 8318 | 6167 (74.14) | 1783(86.01) | 1964(90.59) | 1487(91.12) | 2245(92.77) | < 0.001 | 1476(85.22) | 1833(90.56) | 1392(91.70) | 2761(92.16) | < 0.001 |
Gingivitis is caused by bacteria [wrong (omitted) vs. correct] n = 8329 | 7744 (92.98) | 1887(90.29) | 2011(92.80) | 1531(94.04) | 2292(94.71) | < 0.001 | 1586(90.89) | 1868(92.20) | 1413(93.08) | 2842(94.95) | < 0.001 |
Tooth-brushing prevent gingivitis [wrong (omitted) vs. correct] n = 8309 | 7198 (86.63) | 1660(80.15) | 1843(85.17) | 1443(88.64) | 2232(92.19) | < 0.001 | 1417(81.86) | 1681(83.14) | 1320(87.13) | 2741(91.58) | < 0.001 |
Dental caries is caused by bacteria [wrong (omitted) vs. correct] n = 8330 | 6941 (83.33) | 1585(76.13) | 1770(81.64) | 1401(85.85) | 2167(89.43) | < 0.001 | 1363(78.42) | 1611(79.59) | 1282(84.23) | 2654(88.47) | < 0.001 |
Sugar intake can cause dental caries [wrong (omitted) vs. correct] n = 8342 | 7118 (85.33) | 1722(82.31) | 1801(82.92) | 1407(86.27) | 2166(89.43) | < 0.001 | 1448(83.08) | 1679(82.51) | 1299(85.40) | 2657(88.68) | < 0.001 |
Fluoride protects teeth from decay (wrong vs. correct)1 = Correct n = 8296 | 5296 (63.84) | 1060(51.23) | 1240(57.46) | 1050(64.54) | 1848(76.40) | < 0.001 | 902(52.17) | 1140(56.66) | 945(62.38) | 2197(73.40) | < 0.001 |
PFS help in preventing caries (wrong vs. correct)1 = Correct n = 8325 | 7373 (88.56) | 1690(81.13) | 1902(87.81) | 1466(90.22) | 2297(94.68) | < 0.001 | 1421(81.71) | 1725(85.31) | 1371(90.38) | 2823(94.13) | < 0.001 |
Oral health is essential to general health [wrong (omitted) vs. correct] n = 8334 | 7605 (91.25) | 1766(84.46) | 1954(90.17) | 1530(93.87) | 2332(96.32) | < 0.001 | 1481(85.02) | 1799(88.80) | 1404(92.43) | 2882(96.10) | < 0.001 |
PFS-related choices of parents | |||||||||||
Ever heard of PFS [no (omitted) vs. yes] n = 8446 | 6867 (81.30) | 1495(69.99) | 1734(79.00) | 1414(85.80) | 2204(90.25) | < 0.001 | 1229(69.12) | 1601(77.72) | 1285(83.93) | 2717(89.73) | < 0.001 |
Preference of PFS site [school (omitted) vs. hospital] n = 8446 | 5739 (67.95) | 1117(52.29) | 1388(63.23) | 1209(73.36) | 2013(82.43) | < 0.001 | 905(50.90) | 1266(61.46) | 1064(69.50) | 2476(81.77) | < 0.001 |
Total | 2100(25.04) | 2195(26.18) | 1648(19.65) | 2442(29.12) | 1778(21.12) | 2060(24.53) | 1531(18.23) | 3028(36.06) | |||