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Table 3 The prevalence and severity of impacts by dimensions, items and overall OHIP-14 (M) scores between all groups

From: Impact of periodontitis on quality of life among subjects with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross sectional study

Dimensions and items

OHIP-14 (M) Scores

Prevalence: n (%)

p valuea

Severity: mean ± SD

p value

RA-PD (n = 29)

RA (n = 58)

PD (n = 43)

HC (n = 57)

RA-PD (n = 29)

RA (n = 58)

PD (n = 43)

HC (n = 57)

Functional limitation

9 (31.3)

8 (13.8)

12 (27.9)

10 (17.5)

0.213

2.93 ± 1.91z

2.07 ± 1.80

3.00 ± 2.26y

1.77 ± 1.71zy

0.003b*

 Difficulty in chewing

4 (13.8)

5 (8.6)

9 (20.9)

2 (3.5)

1.45 ± 1.27

1.09 ± 1.08

1.47 ± 1.37

0.82 ± 0.95

 Bad breath

6 (20.7)

4 (6.9)

9 (20.9)

8 (14.0)

1.48 ± 1.35

0.98 ± 1.12

1.53 ± 1.20

0.95 ± 1.23

Physical pain

4 (13.8)

12 (20.7)

12 (27.9)

9 (15.8)

0.238

2.21 ± 1.40

2.47 ± 1.82

2.70 ± 1.75

2.18 ± 1.67

0.431b

 Discomfort eating

3 (10.3)

10 (17.2)

10 (23.3)

4 (7.0)

1.07 ± 1.16

1.33 ± 1.32

1.56 ± 1.26

0.95 ± 1.04

 Oral ulcer

1 (3.4)

5 (8.6)

3 (7.0)

7 (12.3)

1.14 ± 0.92

1.14 ± 1.07

1.14 ± 0.99

1.23 ± 1.00

Psychological discomfort

13 (44.8)

32 (55.2)

24 (55.8)

21 (36.8)

0.213

3.10 ± 1.74

3.36 ± 1.87

3.86 ± 2.13

3.04 ± 2.01

0.187b

 Discomfort due to food stuck

12 (41.4)

29 (50.0)

22 (51.1)

19 (33.3)

2.31 ± 1.28

2.41 ± 1.16

2.30 ± 1.10

1.86 ± 1.03

 Felt shy

1 (3.4)

8 (13.8)

9 (20.9)

9 (15.8)

0.79 ± 0.90

0.95 ± 1.23

1.56 ± 1.35

1.18 ± 1.30

Physical disability

4 (13.8)

13 (22.4)

13 (30.2)

10 (17.5)

0.238

1.45 ± 1.74z

1.67 ± 2.07y

2.67 ± 1.97zy

1.77 ± 1.75

0.023b*

 Avoid eating food

2 (6.9)

11 (19.0)

11 (25.6)

4 (7.0)

0.97 ± 1.02

0.48 ± 1.02

1.16 ± 1.30

1.67 ± 1.25

0.88 ± 1.04

 Avoid smiling

2 (6.9)

5 (8.6)

4 (9.3)

8 (14.0)

 

0.52 ± 1.06

1.00 + 1.25

0.89 ± 1.09

Psychological disability

1 (3.4)

2 (3.4)

5 (11.6)

6 (10.5)

0.213

0.76 ± 1.24

1.12 ± 1.46

1.84 ± 2.06

1.53 ± 1.96

0.085c

 Disturbed sleep

0 (0)

1 (1.7)

2 (4.7)

4 (7.0)

0.24 ± 0.58

0.47 ± 0.75

0.84 ± 1.07

0.65 ± 1.01

 Disturbed concentration

1 (3.4)

2 (3.4)

5 (11.6)

5 (8.8)

0.52 ± 0.83

0.66 ± 0.95

1.00 ± 1.18

0.88 ± 1.09

Social disability

0 (0)

1 (1.7)

1 (2.3)

1 (1.8)

0.261

0.41 ± 0.91

0.53 ± 1.17

0.98 ± 1.50

0.53 ± 1.05

0.313c

 Avoid going out

0 (0)

1 (1.7)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.10 ± 0.41

0.22 ± 0.62

0.30 ± 0.67

0.18 ± 0.47

 Daily activities disturbed

0 (0)

1 (1.7)

1 (2.3)

1 (1.8)

0.31 ± 0.66

0.31 ± 0.65

0.67 ± 0.99

0.35 ± 0.67

Handicap

1 (3.4)

8 (13.8)

11 (25.6)

6 (10.5)

0.213

0.86 ± 1.06zy

1.84 ± 1.99z

2.19 ± 1.89y

1.33 ± 1.62

0.012c*

 Spending money

1 (3.4)

6 (10.3)

5 (11.6)

2 (3.5)

0.45 ± 0.74

1.26 ± 1.22

1.02 ± 1.14

0.58 ± 0.91

 Less confident

0 (0)

5 (8.6)

7 (16.3)

5 (8.8)

0.41 ± 0.73

0.59 ± 1.03

1.16 ± 1.34

0.75 ± 1.02

OHIP-14 (M)

17 (58.6)

36 (62.1)

30 (69.8)

28 (65.1)

0.213

11.72 ± 7.18

13.23 ± 7.89

17.23 ± 10.36z

12.14 ± 9.59z

0.020b*

  1. OHIP-14 (M), Oral Health Impact Profile Shortened Malaysian Version; RA, subjects with rheumatoid arthritis only; PD, subjects with periodontitis only; RA-PD, subjects with RA and PD; HC, healthy controls
  2. *Statistically significant difference between two of more groups at p < 0.05; z, y: Statistically significant difference between two groups at p < 0.05 (Tukey HSD)
  3. aPearson Chi-Square Test
  4. bOne-way Anova Test
  5. cKruskal-Wallis Test
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BMC Oral Health

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