Table 3 All studies included in the review (sorted by year)
| Â | References | Country | Sample and elicitation method | Evaluated good or service | Main factors influencing WTP | Main policy recommendation/themesa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Matthews et al. [60] | Canada | 42/Convenience sample + users/interview/bidding game | Periodontal therapy | Income | No policy suggestion was found |
2 | Dixon et al. [27] | UK | 100/general population/interview/payment card | Water flouridation | – | Continue public education/(theme C) |
3 | Matthews et al. [6] | Canada | 293/Patients + General Population/Computer-Based Tool (Questionnaire)/Bidding Game | Anaesthetic gel | Concern about dental pain and anxiety about needles/Insurance/Anxiety for gel | No policy suggestion was found |
4 | Pavlova et al. [47] | Bulgaria | 990/General population/Interview/Payment intervals followed by open-ended/(WATP) | Dental check-up/filling or extraction of a tooth/Placement of dental prostheses | Family budget/Place of residence/Gender/Being chronically sick/Self-perceived health/Quantity of services used last year | Family budget Should remain the primary exemption criterion from patient payment obligations. etc./(theme A and B) |
5 | Birch et al. [2] | Canada | 611/General population/telephone Interview/Open-ended | Dentin regeneration | Visit dentist regularly/Perceived need of tooth extraction/Insurance status | No policy suggestion was found |
6 | Halvorsen et al. [10] | Norway | 62/Convenience sampling/Telephone interview/Open-ended | Dental fear treatment | Household income/Uncertainty/Perceived Benefits from dental and dental fear treatment/Change in dental health/capital/Treated surfaces | Supply of dental fear treatment should be subsidized/(theme A) |
7 | Smith et al. [48] | UK | 188/General population + patients/Interview/Payment card | Orthognathic treatment | Incisor relation/Being patient | No policy suggestion was found |
8 | Ying et al. (Report) [61] | Hong Kong | 257 Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | RCT | Age/Education/Self-reported number of teeth possessed | No policy suggestion was found |
9 | Marvasti et al. [40] | USA | 753/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Payment intervals | Waiting time | Income/Education/Actual waiting time/Medical experience/Gender/Age/Health insurance/Waiting location | No policy suggestion was found |
10 | Oscarson et al. [49] | Sweden | 82/19 YO/General population/Interview/Binary valuation + open ended | Caries preventive Care | Caries risk/Housing | No policy suggestion was found |
11 | Atchison et al. [54] | USA | 315/Convenience Sampling/Questionnaire/NM | Oral surgery | Income/Psychosocial predictors/Substance abuse/larger social network | No policy suggestion was found |
12 | Balevi and Shepperd [41] | Canada | 40/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding | Crown, implant, bridge, removable partial denture | – | No policy suggestion was found |
13 | Tianviwat et al. [33] | Thailand | 205/General population/Interview/Bidding game followed by open-ended question | Three dental services in two different settings | Care delivery setting/Income | More attention to establishing school-based services that Approach the same levels of effectiveness/(theme A) |
14 | Tianviwat et al. [34] | Thailand | 205/General population/Interview/Bidding game followed by open-ended question | Prevention versus cure | Income/Age/Education/Service’s experience | Reduce the cost of using the sealant services to parents/(theme A) |
15 | Tuominen et al. [35] | Finland | 156/Convenience Sampling/Questionnaire/NM | Helicopter ambulance service/MPR vaccination/Breast cancer screening/Hip Replacement/Dental check-up program for 7 YO | – | No policy suggestion was found |
16 | Esfandiari et al. [58] | Canada | 36/Convenience sampling/Interview/Open-ended and yes-or-no question | Implant overdentures | Method of payment | Government program should be implemented To assist elders with the cost of denture Prostheses/(theme A) |
17 | Rosvall et al. [57] | USA | 50/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Payment scale | Orthodontic appliances | – | No policy suggestion was found |
18 | Leung et al. [62] | Hong Kong | 59/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | Anterior and posterior Implant | Gender/Education/Perceived need | No policy suggestion was found |
19 | Manickam et al. [42] | India | 400/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/NM | Anterior and posterior RCT | Age/Education/Income/Non vegetarian food habit | Government should improve literacy/(theme C) |
20 | Feu et al. [63] | Brazil | 252/Convenience sampling/Interview/Payment scale | Orthodontic appliances | Socio-economic status/Age | No policy suggestion was found |
21 | Widstrom et al. [50] | Finland | 704/General population/Postal questionnaire/Open-ended | Unexpected Dental expenses | High income/Subjective need for dental treatment | Benefit those with lower income and improve Quality of dental care for adults/(theme A) |
22 | Ethier et al. [52] | Canada | 142/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | Prophylaxis of mucositis | – | No policy suggestion was found |
23 | Vermaire et al. [36] | Netherland | 290/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Payment scale/(+ wti method) | Good state of oral health | Dmfs/Brushing time/Number of preventive visits/Dental hygiene burden/Dental hygiene knowledge/Importance to their Children’s general and oral health/Socio-economic status/Education of parents/willingness to invest time | No policy suggestion was found |
24 | Al Garni et al. [43] | KSA | 100/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | Implant | Gender/Income/Setting/Area of the missing/Perception toward oral health/Desire for implant | No policy suggestion was found |
25 | Edwards (thesis) [28] | Norway | 948/General population/Face-to-face and telephone interviews/Open-ended | Publicly financed dental health care system | Age/Education/Income/Dental payments in the past year | No policy suggestion was found |
26 | Chau (Report) [37] | Hong Kong | 1500/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Payment scale | Basic dental care plan | Income | Government can cover the secondary school students with different fees/(theme A) |
27 | Augusti et al. [64] | Italy | 107/Convenience sampling Interview/Bidding-game | Implant-supported crown and the 3-unit fixed partial denture prosthesis | Perceived importance of oral care/Previous therapy | No policy suggestion was found |
28 | Atanasov et al. [56] | Bulgaria | 111/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Open-ended | Treatment of molar: RCT + crown/Extraction and leaving a gap/Removable/Fixed bridge/implant | Household income | No policy suggestion was found |
29 | Srivastava et al. [65] | Canada | 39/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Payment scale | Mandibular overdenture with two-implant | Age/Income/Know edentate or an overdenture wearing person | No policy suggestion was found |
30 | Moshkelgosha et al. [66] | Iran | 200/Convenience Sampling/Questionnaire/Open-Ended | Orthodontic treatment | Education/income | Insurance policies for orthodontic treatment/(theme B) |
31 | Moshkelgosha et al. [44] | Iran | 348/Convenience sampling/Interview/Payment scale | Different Orthodontic Brackets | – | No policy suggestion was found |
32 | Augusti et al. [67] | Italy | 40/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Open-ended | Sonic and traditional brush | – | No policy suggestion was found |
33 | Vernazza et al. [4] | UK | 503/Convenience sampling/Interview/Shuffled payment card | Treatment of molar teeth with Non-vital pulps | Income | No policy suggestion was found |
34 | Vernazza et al. [24] | UK And Germany | 105/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Bidding card | Root caries prevention | No factor were significant predictors of WTP | No policy suggestion was found |
35 | Mckenna et al. [45] | UK | 55/Convenience Sampling/Interview/Open–Ended With Payment Cards | Tooth replacement strategies: Removable Partial Dentures and functionally orientated treatment | Income levels/Previous Treatment experience | Changes are required to ensure that dental care is truly patient-centered/(theme B) |
36 | Kettlewell et al. [29] | Australia | 1528/General population/Online questionnaire/DCE | Dental insurance | – | No policy suggestion was found |
37 | Dino et al. [30] | Italy | 50/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Bidding game | Computerized anesthesia | Importance assigned by the patients to oral Care/Following recall programs | No policy suggestion was found |
38 | Fatani et al. [59] | KSA | 171/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | Orthodontic treatment | Income | Orthodontists should educate the Public about occlusion/(theme C) |
39 | Nair et al. [55] | Singapore | 83/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | Extraction/Filling and cleaning of teeth | Ethnicity/Age/Beliefs related to importance of oral health/Marriage status/Gender | No policy suggestion was found |
40 | Mubaraki et al. [53] | KSA | 155/Convenience Sampling/Interview/Bidding Game | Space maintainer therapy for children | Family monthly income | No policy suggestion was found |
41 | Taschieri et al. [68] | Italy | 103/Convenience sampling/Interview/Bidding game | RCT + crown or Extraction + implant | Education, employment | No policy suggestion was found |
42 | Sendi et al. [69] | Switzerland | 16/Convenience sampling/Phone Interview/Bidding game | Implant retained complete dentures | – | No policy suggestion was found |
43 | Dino et al. [31] | Italy | 50/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Bidding game | Computer-controlled Anesthesia | – | No policy suggestion was found |
44 | Sever et al. [38] | Croatia | 265/Convenience Sampling/Questionnaire + Interview/DCE/Payment card in the pilot study | Dental care provided by a faculty member/Private dental care/Student-provided care | Age/Education | Findings may help policy-makers in delivering a care system Better suited to preferences of their patients etc./(theme B) |
45 | Ndambiri et al. [39] | Kenya | 155/General population/Interview/Payment card | Fluoride removal from drinking water | Gender/Education/Household income/Living in own house/Type of water source/Perceived water quality/Distance to nearest water source/Payment vehicle/Household members experience of fluorosis/Age/Household size | Authorities could use the estimated mean and median WTP to benchmark their budget and water policy proposals for the removal of excess fluoride/(theme B) |
46 | Bratberg (thesis) [32] | Norway | 438/General population/Questionnaire/TIOLI + Open-ended | Dental insurance | Age/Occupation/Income/Education | Implementation dental insurance may be possible/(theme B) |
47 | Nyamuryekung’e et al. [70] | Tanzania | 1522/Convenience sampling/Interview/Open-ended | Extraction and filling | Age, Income/Outpatient Status/Experience | No policy suggestion was found |
48 | Vernazza et al. [46] | UK | 401/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/Payment card | Correction of malocclusions at different IOTN levels | Socioeconomic status/Sample recruited Center/Different IOTN Scenarios | No policy suggestion was found |
49 | Ramsay et al. [25] | UK and Scotland | 667/General population/Questionnaire (online survey)/DCE | Oral hygiene advice/Periodontal instrumentation | – | No policy suggestion was found |
50 | Dalanon et al. [71] | Philippines | 140/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire (online survey)/Payment scale | Fluoridization,/Prophylaxis/Extraction/Filling, Dentures/RCT/Oral cancer treatment, and orthodontic treatment | – | No policy suggestion was found |
51 | Walshaw et al. [26] | UK and Brazil | N = 200/Convenience sampling/Questionnaire/bidding format | Fluoride varnish | Income/Self-perceived need/recent Dental pain/child experience of restorations in last 2 years/Frequent attenders/Gender | No policy suggestion was found |
52 | Srivastava et al. [51] | Canada | 317/General population/Internet-based questionnaire or telephone interviews/Bidding format | Dentures retained by implants | Gender/Age/Education/Income/Having dental insurance/Experience of implant/Having heard about implants/Self-perceived likelihood of edentulism | Desirability of including implant overdentures in insurance policies and public health programs/(theme B) |