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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients and their dental clinics according to tooth loss

From: A multilevel analysis of the importance of oral health instructions for preventing tooth loss: The 8020 Promotion Foundation Study of Japanese Dental Patients

 

Tooth loss

p value

Absence (n = 1797)

Presence (n = 691)

Patient-level variables

Mean (SD)

 

 Age (years)

57.0 (14.7)

65.5 (11.2)

 < 0.001

 Number of teeth

24.9 (4.5)

21.2 (6.0)

 < 0.001

 Number of decayed teeth

0.4 (1.2)

0.6 (1.4)

0.009

 Mean PPD (mm)

2.8 (0.8)

3.2 (1.0)

 < 0.001

 BOP (%)

23.3 (25.5)

30.4 (28.5)

 < 0.001

n (%)

 Gender

  Male

549 (67.3)

267 (32.7)

 < 0.001

  Female

1248 (74.6)

424 (25.4)

 

 Smoking

  Never

1307 (75.2)

430 (24.8)

 < 0.001

  Past

362 (65.5)

191 (34.5)

 

  Current

128 (64.6)

70 (35.4)

 

 Diabetes mellitus

  No

1702 (72.9)

632 (27.1)

0.002

  Yes

95 (61.7)

59 (38.3)

 

 Tooth brushing frequency (times per day)

  ≥ 3

685 (76.8)

207 (23.2)

 < 0.001

  2

917 (70.8)

379 (29.2)

 

  ≤ 1

195 (65.0)

105 (35.0)

 

 Use of secondary oral hygiene productsa

   Yes

1356 (73.0)

502 (27.0)

0.082

  No

441 (70.0)

189 (30.0)

 

 Bleeding during tooth brushing

  No

1,192 (75.6)

385 (24.4)

 < 0.001

  Yes

605 (66.4)

306 (33.6)

 

 Eating between meals

  No

205(63.5)

118 (36.5)

 < 0.001

  Sometimes

986 (72.5)

374 (27.5)

 

  Everyday

606 (75.3)

199 (24.7)

 

 Reason for dental visit

  Treatment

527 (63.0)

309 (37.0)

 < 0.001

  Both treatment and maintenance

313 (68.6)

143 (31.4)

 

  Maintenance

957 (80.0)

239 (20.0)

 

 Education level (years)

  ≥ 13

933 (77.2)

276 (22.8)

 < 0.001

  ≤ 12

868 (67.6)

415 (32.4)

 

 Economic status

  Low

307 (72.1)

119 (27.9)

0.728

  Middle

1,241 (72.6)

468 (27.4)

 

  High

249 (70.5)

104 (29.5)

 

 Working status

  Yes

1,079 (77.9)

306 (22.1)

 < 0.001

  No

718 (65.1)

385 (34.9)

 

Clinic-level variablesb

 Age of dental clinic director

  30s or 40s

600 (76.5)

184 (23.5)

0.005

  50s

907 (70.5)

380 (29.5)

 

  60s or over

290 (69.5)

127 (30.5)

 

 Gender of dental clinic director

  Male

1,680 (72.0)

653 (28.0)

0.201

  Female

117 (75.5)

38 (24.5)

 

 Number of dental hygienists

  0

295 (69.6)

129 (30.4)

0.005

  1–3

1,199 (71.4)

478 (28.6)

 

  ≥ 4

311 (78.7)

84 (21.3)

 

 Time for oral health instruction (min)

  0

243 (68.5)

112 (31.5)

0.003

  1–9

570 (69.0)

256 (31.0)

 

  10–19

613 (74.3)

212 (25.7)

 

  ≥ 20

371 (77.0)

111 (23.0)

 
  1. SD standard deviation, PPD probing pocket depth, BOP breeding on probing
  2. aDental floss or interdental brush
  3. bThese are the clinic information for each patient based on linking clinic data to patient data