Table 2 Comparisons of anthropometric measurements, dental measurements, blood pressure, and blood samples between the control group (n = 43) and the intervention group (n = 39) before and after treatment
Baseline | 1M | 3M | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Mean | p value* | Mean | p value* | ||||
Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | |||
Weight (kg) | 74.0 (14.2) | 74.3 (9.6) | 73.8 (14.9) | 73.5 (9.1) | 0.17 | 73.9 (15.2) | 73 (9.2) | 0.044* |
Body fat rate (%) | 32.2 (10.3) | 29.7 (8.1) | 31.7 (9.8) | 28.7 (8) | 0.16 | 31.3 (10.4) | 28.9 (7.9) | 0.89 |
Body fat mass (kg) | 24.3 (10.5) | 22.1 (7) | 23.9 (10.5) | 21.1 (6.7) | 0.12 | 23.7 (11) | 21.3 (6.6) | 0.45 |
Lean mass (kg) | 49.7 (10.1) | 52.2 (8.9) | 49.9 (9.8) | 52.4 (8.8) | 0.76 | 50.3 (10.1) | 51.9 (8.7) | 0.037* |
Muscle mass (kg) | 47 (9.6) | 49.4 (8.6) | 47.1 (9.4) | 49.6 (8.4) | 0.76 | 47.5 (9.7) | 49.1 (8.4) | 0.035* |
Estimated bone mass (kg) | 2.7 (0.5) | 2.8 (0.4) | 2.8 (0.4) | 2.8 (0.4) | 0.8 | 2.8 (0.4) | 2.8 (0.4) | 0.11 |
Body water mass (kg) | 35.8 (6.4) | 36.1 (5.4) | 35.8 (5.9) | 36.7 (5.6) | 0.18 | 36 (5.8) | 36 (5.5) | 0.24 |
Body water rate (%) | 48.7 (5.8) | 48.7 (4.2) | 49 (5.3) | 49.9 (4.3) | 0.043* | 49.3 (5.9) | 49.4 (4.5) | 0.77 |
BMI | 27.5 (4.2) | 26.8 (3.3) | 27.4 (4.4) | 26.5 (3.3) | 0.22 | 27.5 (4.5) | 26.3 (3.2) | 0.052 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 98.4 (9.2) | 97.8 (6) | 96.8 (9.1) | 95.8 (6.5) | 0.57 | 96.1 (9.4) | 95.1 (6.2) | 0.67 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.7 (17) | 140.9 (16.4) | 126.6 (13.9) | 130.4 (13.3) | 0.47 | 129 (14.5) | 130.4 (13.9) | 0.6 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.8 (11.8) | 79 (10.6) | 76.8 (9.9) | 74.5 (9.5) | 0.54 | 77.1 (11.6) | 75.9 (8.8) | 0.84 |
LDL (mg/dl) | 128.7 (38.3) | 137.6 (35.2) | 129 (31.3) | 135.2 (36.9) | 0.54 | 130 (26.2) | 131.7 (37.3) | 0.19 |
TG (mg/dl) | 188.6 (383.9) | 146.5 (58.5) | 150.2 (100.4) | 140.1 (70.3) | 0.66 | 152.4 (127.5) | 161.5 (77.9) | 0.28 |
HDL (mg/dl) | 64.9 (19.9) | 58.9 (12.7) | 63.5 (17.3) | 60 (13.6) | 0.2 | 65.6 (18.8) | 59.4 (15.2) | 0.94 |
FBS (mg/dl) | 96.2 (11.4) | 97.2 (24.9) | 101.2 (17.2) | 96.4 (16.2) | 0.098 | 98.2 (21.2) | 96.2 (16.1) | 0.42 |
HbA1c (%) NGSP | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.5 (0.3) | 0.18 | 5.6 (0.5) | 5.53 (0.4) | 0.28 |
PD ≥ 4 mm (% of sites) | 15.1 (14.9) | 19.1 (16.3) | 15.8 (16.0) | 11.3 (10.0) | 0.000* | 16.0 (16.5) | 10.4 (10.2) | 0.000* |
BOP (% of sites) | 20.0 (18.4) | 25.3 (21.4) | 19.4 (19.2) | 14.3 (11.5) | 0.001* | 18.7 (18.7) | 12.9 (12.9) | 0.002* |