Fig. 6From: Substance P participates in periodontitis by upregulating HIF-1α and RANKL/OPG ratioSubstance P upregulated RANKL/OPG ratio in gingival fibroblasts tested by western blotting. Substance P upregulated RANKL protein expression and reduced OPG protein expression in gingival fibroblasts with or without 1 μg/ml LPS (*P < 0.05) (a, b, c). The RANKL/OPG ratio was markedly increased in the LPS + SP group, compared to the LPS only group (*P < 0.05) (d)Back to article page