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Table 4 Test and Control Participants Responses for ECC Risk Related Behaviors

From: Using motivational interviewing to reduce parental risk related behaviors for early childhood caries: a pilot study

Question

Visit (V)

Treatment

n = 13

Mean ± SD

Control

n = 11

Mean ± SD

Pvalue‡

How many times a day do you now give the child a bottle with something other than water as he/she goes to sleep?

V1

2.7 ± 2.1

2.5 ± 2.7

0.8717

V4

2.0 ± 1.9

1.8 ± 1.5

0.7966

While awake, how many times a day does the child usually drink or bottle-feed with something other than water as a snack (not including meals)?

V1

2.1 ± 2.2

3.1 ± 2.7

0.3530

V4

1.4 ± 1.3

2.3 ± 1.7

0.1942

Question

Selected Response

Visit (V)

Treatment

n (%)

Control

n (%)

Pvalue‡

Do you and your child share the same utensils (spoons, forks) during feeding time?

Yes

V1

3 (25%)

3 (27%)

1.0000

V4

3 (23%)

3 (27%)

1.0000

Do you chew the child’s food or taste it using the child’s utensil before giving it to the child?

Yes

V1

3 (25%)

2 (18%)

1.0000

V4

2 (15%)

1 (10%)

1.0000

Do you use sweet snacks to get the child to behave?

 Never

V1

10 (77%)

8 (89%)

0.6161*/1.0000**

V4

10 (77%)

7 (78%)

 Sometimes

V1

3 (23%)

1 (11%)

V4

3 (23%)

2(22%)

Do you use sweet snacks as a reward for the child?

 Never

V1

8 (67%)

7 (78%)

0.6594*/1.0000**

V4

8 (73%)

6 (67%)

 Sometimes

V1

4 (33%)

2 (22%)

V4

3 (27%)

3 (33%)

How often are the child’s teeth usually cleaned or brushed?

 Don’t clean or brush teeth

V1

3 (23)

4 (50%)

0.9096*/0.1435**

V4

4 (31%)

3 (33%)

 Less than once a week

V1

0 (0%)

0 (0%

V4

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 About every other day

V1

1 (8%)

1 (13%)

V4

1 (8%)

1 (11%)

 Almost every day

V1

3 (23%)

1 (13%)

V4

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Once a day

V1

2 (15%)

1 (13%)

V4

3 (23%)

5 (56%)

 More than once a day

V1

3 (23%)

1 (13%)

V4

5 (38%)

0 (0%)

2x week

V1

1 (8%)

0 (0%)

V4

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Which of the following are used to clean the child’s teeth?

 Wash cloth

V1

6 (46%)

3 (33%)

0.6740*/1.0000**

V4

4 (31%)

3 (30%)

 Finger brush

V1

2 (15%)

2 (22%)

1.0000*/0.3394**

V4

4 (31%)

1 (10%)

 Toothpaste

V1

3 (23%)

1 (11%)

0.6161*/0.4050**

V4

5 (38%)

2 (20%)

 Child’s toothbrush

V1

4 (31%)

2 (22%)

1.0000*/1.0000**

V4

4 (31%)

3 (30%)

 Shared toothbrush

V1

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

V4

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Has the child’s primary caregiver(s) had toothaches, cavities, or bleeding gums in the past 6 months?

Yes

V1

7 (54%)

8 (89%)

0.1649*/1.0000**

V4

6 (50%)

5 (56%)

  1. *Visit 1 p-value; **Visit 2 p-value
  2. P values are from a two-group t-test for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact tests for the categorical measures. P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Some subjects did not respond to all questions