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Table 1 Post-shaping irrigation procedures

From: FESEM evaluation of smear layer removal from conservatively shaped canals: laser activated irrigation (PIPS and SWEEPS) compared to sonic and passive ultrasonic activation—an ex vivo study

Group name

n

Shaping

Irrigation protocol

Activation

Control group (CTR)

5

Yes

No

EA–PUI–PIPS–SWEEPS

20 per group

Yes

30 s. 17% EDTA activation

30 s. distilled water activation

30 s. 5.25% NaOCl activation + 30 s. resting time

30 s. 5.25% NaOCl activation + 30 s. resting time

30 s. distilled water activation

30 s. 17% EDTA activation

30 s. distilled water activation

Yes