Work environment, job satisfaction and burnout among Spanish dentists: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health

Table 4 Differences in mean work environment Z-scores according to sociodemographic variables

Variable	Communication	Decision making	Stress/chaos	History of change	Overall work environment
Gender
Male	0.18 ± 0.96	0.16 ± 0.96	− 0.16 ± 0.98	0.20 ± 0.92	0.10 ± 1.01
Female	− 0.07 ± 1.01	− 0.06 ± 1.03	0.07 ± 1.00	− 0.08 ± 1.02	− 0.04 ± 0.99
	p = 0.029*	p = 0.066	p = 0.045*	p = 0.013*	p = 0.004**
Years worked
< 5	− 0.37 ± 1.09^a	− 0.31 ± 1.37^a	0.14 ± 1.04^a	− 0.37 ± 1.00^a	− 0.33 ± 1.25^a
6–10	0.16 ± 1.00^b	− 0.08 ± 0.88^ab	0.24 ± 1.04^a	0.08 ± 0.91^b	0.19 ± 1.03^b
11–20	0.02 ± 0.87^ab	0.12 ± 0.96^ab	− 0.06 ± 0.82^ab	0.06 ± 1.01^ab	0.06 ± 0.94^ab
> 20	0.12 ± 1.06^b	0.24 ± 0.80^b	− 0.40 ± 0.96^b	0.23 ± 1.00^b	− 0.02 ± 0.84^ab
	p = 0.010*	p = 0.009**	p < 0.001***	p = 0.006**	p = 0.018*
Working hours per week
< 20 h	− 0.77 ± 0.86	− 0.66 ± 1.07^a	0.02 ± 1.07^a	− 0.30 ± 0.99^a	− 0.73 ± 1.03^a
20–30 h	− 0.07 ± 1.00^a	− 0.03 ± 1.03^ab	− 0.20 ± 0.98^a	− 0.18 ± 0.92^a	− 0.25 ± 0.91^ab
30–40 h	0.05 ± 0.99^a	0.10 ± 0.91^b	− 0.02 ± 0.96^a	0.06 ± 1.01^a	0.08 ± 0.93^bc
> 40 h	0.13 ± 0.98^a	0.04 ± 1.07^b	0.14 ± 1.03^a	0.10 ± 1.02^a	0.19 ± 1.04^c
	p = 0.001**	p = 0.010*	p = 0.124	p = 0.098	p < 0.001***

Independent samples Student’s t test was used for gender, and one-way ANOVA F-test was used for years worked and working hours per week. The same superscript letter means that there were no differences between means according to Bonferroni´s multiple comparisons
***Significant association (p < 0.001, two-tailed); **Significant association (p < 0.01, two-tailed); *Significant association (p < 0.05, two-tailed)

ISSN: 1472-6831