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Table 4 Differences in mean work environment Z-scores according to sociodemographic variables

From: Work environment, job satisfaction and burnout among Spanish dentists: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Communication

Decision making

Stress/chaos

History of change

Overall work environment

Gender

 Male

0.18 ± 0.96

0.16 ± 0.96

− 0.16 ± 0.98

0.20 ± 0.92

0.10 ± 1.01

 Female

− 0.07 ± 1.01

− 0.06 ± 1.03

0.07 ± 1.00

− 0.08 ± 1.02

− 0.04 ± 0.99

 

p = 0.029*

p = 0.066

p = 0.045*

p = 0.013*

p = 0.004**

Years worked

 < 5

− 0.37 ± 1.09a

− 0.31 ± 1.37a

0.14 ± 1.04a

− 0.37 ± 1.00a

− 0.33 ± 1.25a

 6–10

0.16 ± 1.00b

− 0.08 ± 0.88ab

0.24 ± 1.04a

0.08 ± 0.91b

0.19 ± 1.03b

 11–20

0.02 ± 0.87ab

0.12 ± 0.96ab

− 0.06 ± 0.82ab

0.06 ± 1.01ab

0.06 ± 0.94ab

 > 20

0.12 ± 1.06b

0.24 ± 0.80b

− 0.40 ± 0.96b

0.23 ± 1.00b

− 0.02 ± 0.84ab

 

p = 0.010*

p = 0.009**

p < 0.001***

p = 0.006**

p = 0.018*

Working hours per week

 < 20 h

− 0.77 ± 0.86

− 0.66 ± 1.07a

0.02 ± 1.07a

− 0.30 ± 0.99a

− 0.73 ± 1.03a

 20–30 h

− 0.07 ± 1.00a

− 0.03 ± 1.03ab

− 0.20 ± 0.98a

− 0.18 ± 0.92a

− 0.25 ± 0.91ab

 30–40 h

0.05 ± 0.99a

0.10 ± 0.91b

− 0.02 ± 0.96a

0.06 ± 1.01a

0.08 ± 0.93bc

 > 40 h

0.13 ± 0.98a

0.04 ± 1.07b

0.14 ± 1.03a

0.10 ± 1.02a

0.19 ± 1.04c

 

p = 0.001**

p = 0.010*

p = 0.124

p = 0.098

p < 0.001***

  1. Independent samples Student’s t test was used for gender, and one-way ANOVA F-test was used for years worked and working hours per week. The same superscript letter means that there were no differences between means according to Bonferroni´s multiple comparisons
  2. ***Significant association (p < 0.001, two-tailed); **Significant association (p < 0.01, two-tailed); *Significant association (p < 0.05, two-tailed)