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Table 1 Individual and familial factors, and oral health status of study participants (n = 1472)

From: Individual and familial factors associated with caries and gingivitis among adolescents resident in a semi-urban community in South-Western Nigeria

Variables

Total

N (%)

Individual factors

Male

846 (57.5)

Female

626 (42.5)

Perception of oral health: mean (SD)

19.04 (8.58)

Individual factors: oral health behaviors

Tooth-brushing

 Once a day or less

1338 (91.3)

 2 times a day or more

128 (8.7)

Use of fluoridated toothpaste

 Always

1343 (91.7)

 Not always

121 (8.3)

Consumption of refined carbohydrates in-between-meals

 Frequent

900 (63.9)

 Non-frequent

508 (36.1)

Use of dental floss

 Daily

192 (16.1)

 Not daily

1002 (83.9)

Utilized dental services in the last 12 months

 Yes

14 (1.1)

 No

1266 (98.9)

Cigarette smoker

 Current

22 (1.6)

 Former

8 (0.6)

 Non-smoker

1365 (97.8)

Familial factors

Birth rank

 First/only child

570 (38.7)

 Second or more child

902 (61.3)

Family size

 6 or less

1184 (80.4)

 More than 6

288 (19.6)

Living arrangement

 Living with both parents

1199 (81.5)

 Not living with both parents

273 (18.5)

Socio-economic status

 High

490 (33.3)

 Middle

509 (34.6)

 Low

473 (32.1)

Oral health status

Prevalence of caries in permanent teeth

50 (3.4)

Mean DMFT (SD)

0.06 (0.36)

Mean plaque index (SD)

0.84 (0.56)

Normal gingival condition

505 (34.3)

Mild gingival inflammation

841 (57.2)

Moderate gingival inflammation

115 (7.8)

Severe gingival inflammation

10 (0.7)

  1. DMFT decay, missing, filled teeth, SD standard deviation