Fig. 5
From: An experimental intraradicular biofilm model in the pig for evaluating irrigation techniques
Morphological evaluations of each irrigation group. Effects of different root canal irrigation methods in the pig model including CNI (a, e), UAI (b, f), EA (c, g) and LAI (d, h) were investigated by SEM. a–d Images of the root canal wall at the apical one-third (30×). e–h Higher magnification views (1000×) of the red boxed areas are shown in the corresponding lower panel. e, f White double-headed arrows indicate the biofilm thickness. h White single-headed arrow denotes dentinal tubules. CNI: Conventional needle irrigation; UAI: Ultrasonically activated irrigation; EA: EndoActivator; LAI: Laser-activated irrigation