| microCT | CRP | Experimental groups |  |  |  |  | SEM | qPCR | 16S rRNA |
---|
Positive control | CNI | EA | UAI | LAI |
---|
Pig 1 |  +  |  +  | n = 4 |  |  |  |  | n = 1 | n = 3 | n = 1 |
Pig 2 |  +  |  +  |  | n = 4 |  |  |  | n = 1 | n = 3 |  |
Pig 3 |  +  |  +  |  |  | n = 4 |  |  | n = 1 | n = 3 |  |
Pig 4 |  |  |  |  |  | n = 4 |  | n = 1 | n = 3 |  |
Pig 5 |  |  |  |  |  |  | n = 4 | n = 1 | n = 3 |  |
- Twenty roots from 10 lower deciduous mandibular second premolars were analyzed from 5 pigs. Periapical bone defects and the inflammation stage were confirmed by micro CT and CRP in 3 animals. For irrigation comparisons, 4 canals (n = 4) were obtained from the lower deciduous mandibular second premolar of each pig. One distal root from each group was observed by SEM. The remaining three roots were used for qPCR. 16S rRNA was analyzed from one root of the positive control group. CRP: C-reactive protein assay; CNI: Conventional needle irrigation; EA: EndoActivator; UAI: Ultrasonically activated irrigation; LAI: Laser-activated irrigation