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Table 3 Serum hormonal and biochemical parameters of the PCOS group

From: Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome

  Mean Median Min Max SD Reference value No. of subjects with abnormal values
FSH (mlU/ml)   4.94 5.18 1.32 9.42 2.01 3.5—12.5* 9↓
LH (mlU/ml) 11.43 8.43 0.20 27.73 7.64 2.4—12.6* 12↑, 3↓
LH/FSH 2.38 2.19 0.15 8.54 1.71  ≤ 2 [22] 15↑
estradiol (pg/ml) 66.84 45.44 12.55 236.40 56.71 12.5–166* (folicular phase) 4↑
TT (ng/dl) 53 49 6 118 20  < 51 [23] 14↑
SHBG (nmol/l) 56.86 47.55 20.21 176.10 33.21 26.1–110* 5 ↓ 1↑
FAI 4.32 3.60 0.64 12.00 2.99  ≤ 4.4 [21] 10 ↑
DHEA-S (µmol/l) 6.96 5.94 2.17 12.14 2.81 1.77–9.99 * 7↑
cortisol (morning sample) (nmol/l) 395.40 431.70 105.10 575.00 121.57 166–507* 2↓ 6↑
cortisol (evening sample) (nmol/l) 80.21 56.95 15.37 300.70 70.24 74–291* 17↓1↑
fasting glucose (mg/dl) 87.77 87.40 78.80 99.00 5.22 60–99* 0↑
fasting insulin (mU/ml) 14.55 14.76 3.78 31.51 6.37 2.6–24.9* 2↑
HOMA-IR 3.17 3.20 0.34 7.05 1.51  < 2.32 [20] 23↑
TC (mg/dl) 156.91 157.70 120.50 208.10 24.09  < 190* 3↑
HDL-C (mg/dl) 54.82 55.60 38.90 73.20 8.65  ≥ 45* 2↓
LDL-C (mg/dl) 83.51 79.50 44.30 130.60 20.71  < 115* 3↑
TG (mg/dl) 92.92 84.50 46.70 201.90 37.46  < 150* 3↑
  1. FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; IU, international units; TT, total testosterone; FAI, free androgen index; SHGB, sex hormone-binding globulin; DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides
  2. *According to the hospital age- and sex-specific laboratory reference ranges, ↑above, ↓below the reference values
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