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Table 1 Risk factors, risk indicators and socio-demographic parameters associated with early childhood caries among study subject with caries

From: Replication of GWAS significant loci in a sub-Saharan African Cohort with early childhood caries: a pilot study

Variables

ECC-free (n = 353)

ECC (n = 338)

S-ECC (n = 64)

dt ± SD

dmft ± SD

p value⁕

 

N (%)

   

Sex

      

 Male

176 (49.9)

171 (50.6)

34 (53.1)

2.79 ± 2.18

2.89 ± 2.17

0.191

 Female

177 (50.1)

167 (49.4)

30 (46.9)

3.13 ± 2.56

3.27 ± 2.64

 

Age (months)

      

 0–11

13 (3.7)

2 (0.6)

2 (3.1)

2.00 ± 0.00

2.00 ± 0.00

0.009*

 12–23

45 (12.7)

19 (5.6)

5 (7.8)

2.05 ± 1.43

2.16 ± 1.34

 

 24–35

107 (30.3)

54 (16.0)

13 (20.3)

2.57 ± 2.10

2.77 ± 2.48

 

 36–47

90 (25.5)

85 (25.1)

19 (29.7)

3.24 ± 2.88

3.24 ± 2.88

 

 48–59

97 (27.5)

165 (48.8)

24 (37.5)

3.04 ± 2.29

3.15 ± 2.26

 

 60–71

1 (0.3)

13 (3.9)

1 (1.6)

2.33 ± 2.52

4.00 ± 1.73

 

Maternal education

      

  ≤ 12 years of formal education

126 (35.8)

158 (46.7)

11 (17.2)

3.21 ± 2.55

3.25 ± 2.52

0.577

 > 12 years of formal education

227 (64.2)

180 (53.3)

53 (82.8)

2.87 ± 2.25

2.98 ± 2.23

 

Paternal occupation

      

 Skilled/unskilled labour

37 (10.6)

159 (47.1)

29 (45.3)

2.91 ± 2.44

2.97 ± 2.42

0.817

 Professional/managerial

316 (89.4)

177 (52.9)

35 (54.7)

2.85 ± 2.02

2.99 ± 2.01

 

Night-time bottle feeding

      

 Yes

27 (7.6)

66 (19.5)

43 (67.2)

3.08 ± 2.20

3.15 ± 1.96

 < 0.001*

 No

326 (92.4)

272 (80.5)

21 (32.8)

2.79 ± 2.24

2.91 ± 2.24

 

Night-time breastfeeding

      

 ≥ 12 months

18 (5.0)

175 (51.8)

53 (82.8)

3.01 ± 2.89

3.13 ± 2.36

0.007*

 < 12 months

335 (95.0)

163 (42.2)

11 (17.2)

2.19 ± 1.22

2.19 ± 1.22

 

Previous dental visit

      

 Yes

137 (38.8)

80 (23.7)

25 (39.1)

2.79 ± 2.11

2.82 ± 2.09

0.032*

 No

216 (61.2)

258 (72.3)

39 (60.9)

3.11 ± 2.59

3.44 ± 2.53

 

Daily consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks/snacks

      

 Yes

44 (12.5)

151 (44.7)

53 (82.8)

3.93 ± 2.51

4.00 ± 2.48

0.020*

 No

309 (87.5)

187 (55.3)

11 (17.2)

2.86 ± 2.35

2.99 ± 2.40

 

 Total (each subsection)

 

338 (100)

64 (100)

2.96 ± 2.38

3.08 ± 2.42

 
  1. *Significant ⁕ values for dmft ± SD