From: Evaluating mechanisms of change in an oral hygiene improvement trial with older adults
 | Model |  | Estimate | Std. error | p value | Confidence interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Upper | Lower | ||||||
1 | Self-efficacy | Intervention × time (AMI with Campaign—as ref) | 0.199 | 0.074 | 0.007 | 0.053 | 0.34 |
Race (Hispanics vs Blacks—as ref) | 0.302 | 0.066 | < .0001 | 0.17 | 0.43 | ||
2 | Perceived risk | Income (More than $900 vs Less than or equal to $900—as ref) | − 0.206 | 0.071 | 0.004 | − 0.34 | − 0.06 |
Age (62 and above vs 62 or less—as ref) | 0.278 | 0.074 | 0.0002 | 0.13 | 0.42 | ||
Oral health rating (Good and Excellent vs Poor and Fair—as ref) | 0.355 | 0.069 | < .0001 | 0.21 | 0.49 | ||
Diagnoses that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | − 0.162 | 0.072 | 0.02 | − 0.30 | − 0.01 | ||
CES-D (4 + vas 0–4—as ref) | − 0.135 | 0.071 | 0.05 | − 0.27 | 0.005 | ||
3 | Fears of oral health diseases | Time (time 1 vs Baseline—as ref) | 0.245 | 0.084 | 0.003 | 0.080 | 0.41 |
Age (62 and above vs 62 or less—as ref) | 0.293 | 0.105 | 0.005 | 0.085 | 0.500 | ||
Diagnosis that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | − 0.250 | 0.102 | 0.015 | − 0.45 | − 0.04 | ||
CES-D (4 + vas 0–4—as ref) | − 0.197 | 0.100 | 0.051 | − 0.39 | 0.001 | ||
Race (Hispanics vs Blacks—as ref) | − 0.595 | 0.129 |  < .0001 | − 0.85 | − 0.339 | ||
4 | Oral health intentionality | Time (time 1 vs Baseline—as ref) | 0.0752 | 0.026 | 0.005 | 0.022 | 0.127 |
Gender (Female vs Male—as ref) | 0.0805 | 0.034 | 0.0213 | 0.012 | 0.14 | ||
Oral health rating (Good and Excellent vs Poor and Fair—as ref) | 0.091 | 0.035 | 0.01 | 0.021 | 0.16 | ||
Diagnosis that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | − 0.101 | 0.036 | 0.006 | − 0.173 | − 0.028 | ||
Race (White and others vs Blacks—as ref) | − 0.165 | 0.054 | 0.002 | − 0.271 | − 0.05 | ||
5 | Locus of control | Intervention × time (AMI with Campaign as ref) | 0.187 | 0.090 | 0.03 | 0.009 | 0.36 |
Education (Above high school vs Less than high school—as ref) | 0.406 | 0.071 | < .0001 | 0.264 | 0.54 | ||
Diagnoses that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | − 0.174 | 0.065 | 0.008 | − 0.304 | − 0.04 | ||
6 | Oral health norm-belief of oral health hygiene and behavior | Intervention (AMI with Campaign—as ref) | − 0.099 | 0.043 | 0.02 | − 0.186 | − 0.013 |
Time (1 vs Baseline—as ref) | 0.103 | 0.039 | 0.008 | 0.026 | 0.181 | ||
Oral health rating (Good and Excellent vs Poor and Fair—as ref) | 0.061 | 0.031 | 0.04 | 0.0007 | 0.123 | ||
7 | Worries of oral health diseases | Time (1 vs Baseline—as ref) | 0.18 | 0.060 | 0.001 | 0.069 | 0.30 |
Age (62 and above vs 62 or less—as ref) | 0.17 | 0.084 | 0.03 | 0.0081 | 0.34 | ||
Diagnoses that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | − 0.20 | 0.082 | 0.01 | − 0.36 | − 0.040 | ||
CES-D (4 + vas 0–4—as ref) | − 0.21 | 0.081 | 0.007 | − 0.37 | − 0.057 | ||
Race (Hispanics vs Blacks—as ref) | − 0.45 | 0.104 | < .0001 | − 0.66 | − 0.25 | ||
8 | Sugar intake | Time (1 with baseline—as ref) | − 0.2767 | 0.04396 | < .0001 | − 0.3632 | − 0.1902 |
9 | Brushing frequency | Intervention * time (AMI with Campaign—as ref) | − 0.7117 | 0.2857 | 0.0127 | − 1.2716 | − 0.1519 |
Gender (Female vs Male—as ref) | − 0.480 | 0.226 | 0.03 | − 0.92 | − 0.03 | ||
Income (More than $900 vs Less than or equal to $900—as ref) | 0.741 | 0.238 | 0.001 | 0.27 | 1.20 | ||
Diagnosis that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | 0.703 | 0.247 | 0.004 | 0.21 | 1.18 | ||
Race (Hispanics vs Blacks—as ref) | − 0.126 | 0.289 | < .0001 | − 2.33 | − 1.17 | ||
10 | Flossing frequency | Intervention * time (AMI with Campaign- as ref) | − 0.5160 | 0.2455 | 0.0356 | − 0.9972 | − 0.0347 |
Gender (Female vs Male—as ref) | − 0.567 | 0.178 | 0.001 | − 0.91 | − 0.21 | ||
Diagnoses that interfere with daily life activities (1 + vs 0—as ref) | 0.368 | 0.188 | 0.05 | − 0.001 | 0.73 | ||
Time | − 0.4216 | 0.1668 | 0.0115 | − 0.7485 | − 0.0946 |