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Table 2 Mean and standard deviation (SD) of surface roughness (Ra), and mean color change (ΔE*) values of ceramic materials before and after coffee immersion and thermocycling (ANOVA test between and within the groups)

From: Surface roughness and color measurements of glazed or polished hybrid, feldspathic, and Zirconia CAD/CAM restorative materials after hot and cold coffee immersion

Parameter

Mean ± SD

Ceramic Type

Vita Enamic

Vitablocs Mark II

Vita Suprinity

P value

S Roughness Pre (Ra1)

1.78 (0.55)

Vita Enamic

–

0.436

1.000

0.111

1.55 (0.46)

Vitablocs Mark II

0.436

–

0.126

1.86 (0.76)

Vita Suprinity

1.000

0.126

–

S Roughness Post (Ra2)

2.37 (0.41)

Vita Enamic

–

0.267

1.000

0.077

2.11 (0.63)

Vitablocs Mark II

0.267

–

0.095

2.44 (0.73)

Vita Suprinity

1.000

0.095

–

Mean Roughness Changes (Ra)

0.59 (0.40)

Vita Enamic

–

1.000

1.000

0.940

0.56 (0.53)

Vitablocs Mark II

1.000

–

1.000

0.58 (0.38)

Vita Suprinity

1.000

1.000

–

Mean Color Changes (ΔE)

3.07 (0.49)a

Vita Enamic

–

0.002*

0.000*

0.000*

2.65 (0.26)b

Vitablocs Mark II

0.002*

–

0.000*

1.96 (0.64)c

Vita Suprinity

0.000*

0.000*

–

  1. Different superscripts upper case letters mean statistical difference inside the respective subgroups (P < 0.001) based on ANOVA followed by Bonferroni tests