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Table 3 Comparison of emotions according to the words used on different dates

From: Analysis of tweets on toothache during the COVID-19 pandemic using the CrystalFeel algorithm: a cross-sectional study

Date

Emotions

“Corona, Dental Pain”

“Corona, Tooth, Pain”

“Corona, Toothache”

“Covid-19, Dental Pain”

“Covid-19, Tooth, Pain”

“Covid-19, Toothache”

Test statistics

p

11 March 2020–31 March 2020

Joy

0 (0)

1 (7,7)

0 (0)

1 (4,5)

0 (0)

0 (0)

\({\chi }^{2}\) = 14,207

0.510

Anger

1 (14,3)

4 (30,8)

10 (20)

1 (4,5)

2 (15,4)

5 (16,7)

Fear

6 (85,7)

8 (61,5)

39 (78)

19 (86,4)

10 (76,9)

25 (83,3)

Sadness

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (2)

1 (4,5)

1 (7,7)

0 (0)

Total

7 (100)

13 (100)

50 (100)

22 (100)

13 (100)

30 (100)

1 April 2020–30 April 2020

Joy

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (5)

1 (3,8)

3 (10)

\({\chi }^{2}\) = 15,581

0.410

Anger

0 (0)

1 (5,3)

8 (14,8)

1 (5)

3 (11,5)

2 (6,7)

Fear

13 (100)

18 (94,7)

42 (77,8)

17 (85)

20 (76,9)

24 (80)

Sadness

0 (0)

0 (0)

4 (7,4)

1 (5)

2 (7,7)

1 (3,3)

Total

13 (100)

19 (100)

54 (100)

20 (100)

26 (100)

30 (100)

1 May 2020–31 May 2020

Joy

0 (0)

1 (6,3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (3,1)

\({\chi }^{2}\) = 16,850

0.328

Anger

1 (100)

1 (6,3)

2 (11,1)

1 (5,6)

1 (9,1)

2 (6,3)

Fear

0 (0)

12 (75)

15 (83,3)

13 (72,2)

9 (81,8)

26 (81,3)

Sadness

0 (0)

2 (12,5)

1 (5,6)

4 (22,2)

1 (9,1)

3 (9,4)

Total

1 (100)

16 (100)

18 (100)

18 (100)

11 (100)

32 (100)

1 June 2020–30 June 2020

Anger

0 (0)

1 (20)

2 (22,2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (14,3)

\({\chi }^{2}\) = 17,014

0.074

Fear

2 (100)

4 (80)

7 (77,8)

4 (100)

3 (50)

6 (85,7)

Sadness

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

3 (50)

0 (0)

Total

2 (100)

5 (100)

9 (100)

4 (100)

6 (100)

7 (100)

Total

Joy

0 (0)

2 (3,8)

0 (0)

2 (3,1)

1 (1,8)

4 (4)

\({\chi }^{2}\) = 21,037

0.136

Anger

2 (8,7)

7 (13,2)

22 (16,8)

3 (4,7)

6 (10,7)

10 (10,1)

Fear

21 (91,3)

42 (79,2)

103 (78,6)

53 (82,8)

42 (75)

81 (81,8)

Sadness

0 (0)

2 (3,8)

6 (4,6)

6 (9,4)

7 (12,5)

4 (4)

Total

23 (100)

53 (100)

131 (100)

64 (100)

56 (100)

99 (100)

  1. \({\chi }^{2}\): Chi-square test statistics