Table 3 Binary and multivariable logistic regression presenting the odds of perceiving ‘medium/large competitive pressure’ from specialists
From: What non-clinical factors influence the general dentist–specialist relationship in Canada?
Binary | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio* (95% CI) | p | Odds ratio** (95% CI) | p | |
Socio-demographic factors | ||||
Age | ||||
40 years and younger (reference) | 1.00 | |||
41–50 | 1.07 (0.65, 1.75) | 0.801 | ||
51–60 | 0.79 (0.47, 1.33) | 0.378 | ||
> 61 | 0.65 (0.36, 1.19) | 0.163 | ||
Gender | ||||
Male (reference) | 1.00 | |||
Female | 0.67 (0.45, 1.01) | 0.053 | ||
Gross annual income | ||||
< $149,000 (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
$150,000–$249,000 | 1.30 (0.77, 2.18) | 0.331 | 1.40 (0.81, 2.41) | 0.224 |
> $250,000 | 1.76 (1.08, 2.86) | 0.024 | 1.68 (0.98, 2.88) | 0.060 |
Relationship status | ||||
Single/non-married (reference) | 1.00 | |||
Married | 0.86 (0.51, 1.45) | 0.570 | ||
Divorced/separated | 1.09 (0.45, 2.66) | 0.844 | ||
Primary income-earner in the household | ||||
Yes (reference) | 1.00 | |||
No | 0.61 (0.32, 1.19) | 0.147 | ||
My partner and I contribute equally | 0.60 (0.35, 1.03) | 0.064 | ||
Number of dependents | ||||
0 (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
1 | 0.93 (0.48, 1.80) | 0.819 | 0.84 (0.43, 1.66) | 0.620 |
2–4 | 1.69 (1.02, 2.79) | 0.042 | 1.39 (0.80, 2.40) | 0.240 |
5 or more | 3.21 (1.34, 7.69) | 0.009 | 2.33 (0.91, 5.94) | 0.077 |
Professional factors | ||||
Type of practitioner | ||||
General dentist (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
General dentist with GPR/AEGD | 2.04 (1.23, 3.38) | 0.006 | 2.00 (1.17, 3.41) | 0.011 |
Place of initial training | ||||
Canadian dental faculty (reference) | 1.00 | |||
American dental faculty | 0.69 (0.29, 1.65) | 0.406 | ||
International dental faculty | 1.15 (0.72, 1.84) | 0.570 | ||
Years of practice in Canada | ||||
< 14 years (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
15–29 | 0.76 (0.49, 1.17) | 0.209 | 0.63 (0.38, 1.04) | 0.072 |
> 30 | 0.59 (0.35, 0.97) | 0.039 | 0.71 (0.38, 1.31) | 0.274 |
Presence of student loans | ||||
No, I do not have any student loans (reference) | 1.00 | |||
Yes | 1.03 (0.70, 1.52) | 0.891 | ||
Hours of CE in a year | ||||
Less than 30 (reference) | 1.00 | |||
More than 30 | 0.71 (0.46, 1.09) | 0.116 | ||
Involvement in a study club | ||||
No (reference) | 1.00 | |||
Yes | 0.89 (0.60, 1.31) | 0.554 | ||
Perception of pressure from other general dentists | ||||
No pressure/small amount (reference) | 1.00 | |||
Medium/large pressure | 0.76 (0.52, 1.12) | 0.170 | ||
Practice factors | ||||
How many practices do you work in? | ||||
1 (reference) | 1.00 | |||
2 or more | 1.52 (0.99, 2.33) | 0.055 | ||
Perception about size of practice loans | ||||
No outstanding practice loans (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Small | 0.93 (0.48, 1.80) | 0.832 | 0.67 (0.33, 1.36) | 0.268 |
Medium | 1.45 (0.82, 2.57) | 0.206 | 0.96 (0.50, 1.84) | 0.902 |
Large | 2.53 (1.60, 4.00) | < 0.001 | 1.79 (0.99, 3.24) | 0.054 |
Location of the primary practice | ||||
Large population center (100,000 or greater) (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Medium population center (30,000–99,999) | 1.10 (0.69, 1.77) | 0.692 | 1.03 (0.63, 1.69) | 0.912 |
Small population center (1000–29,999) | 0.44 (0.24, 0.80) | 0.007 | 0.73 (0.36, 1.45) | 0.366 |
Practice ownership | ||||
No, I do not own a practice (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 2.01 (1.29, 3.14) | 0.002 | 1.73 (0.97, 3.08) | 0.063 |
Presence of specialists in close proximity (< 5 km) to the practice | ||||
No (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 3.05 (1.51, 6.14) | 0.002 | 2.52 (1.12, 5.69) | 0.026 |
Presence of in-house/visiting specialist | ||||
No (reference) | 1.00 | |||
Yes | 1.11 (0.68, 1.81) | 0.666 | ||