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Table 3 Mean percentage of cells with genotoxic changes (micronucleus) and cytotoxic changes (condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknosis, and karyolysis)

From: Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of cone beam computed tomography in children

Cellular alterations

Baseline

10 days

1 month

 

Mean ± SD

Median

Mean ± SD

Median

p-valuea

Mean ± SD

Median

p-valuea

Micronucleus

0.3 ± 0.3

0.1

2.2 ± 2.3

1.6

0.00*

0.1 ± 0.1

0.1

0.25

Condensed chromatin

0.9 ± 0.7

0.9

1.4 ± 0.9

1.6

0.04*

1 ± 0.7

1.1

0.18

Karyorrhexis

0.1 ± 0.1

0.0

0.2 ± 0.2

0.2

0.01*

0.1 ± 0.2

0.1

0.17

Pyknosis

9.9 ± 7.7

9.2

18.3 ± 10.7

15.7

0.01*

9.8 ± 8.1

9.2

0.61

Karyolysis

0.4 ± 0.4

0.4

1.7 ± 1.6

1.2

0.00*

1.2 ± 0.9

1.0

0.01*

  1. a. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test
  2. *p is statistically significant at > 0.05