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Table1 Clinical characteristics of the 87 patients and 174 joints included in this study

From: Can ultrasonography be used to assess capsular distention in the painful temporomandibular joint?

Clinical characteristics

No. of patients (%)

Gender

Ā 

Male

27 (31%)

Female

60 (69%)

Age, year (range)

39.5ā€‰Ā±ā€‰15.5 (16ā€“82)

History of orthodontic treatment

9 (10.3%)

Joint sound (nā€‰=ā€‰174 joints)

Ā 

(ā€‰+)

82 (47%)

(āˆ’)

92 (53%)

Pain duration (nā€‰=ā€‰105 pain joint)

Ā 

Less than 3Ā months

61 (58%)

More than 3Ā months

44 (42%)

Pain score (nā€‰=ā€‰174 joints)

Ā 

None (NAS 0)

69 (39.7%)

Mild (NAS 1ā€“3)

38 (21.8%)

Moderate (NAS 4ā€“6)

60 (34.5%)

Severe (NAS 7ā€“10)

7 (4%)

Maximum mouth opening

Ā 

Meanā€‰Ā±ā€‰SD, mm (range)

37.2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰8.8 (12ā€“58)

Oral conditions

Ā 

Tooth attrition

46 (52.9%)

Tongue ridging

44 (50.6%)

Buccal mucosa ridging

44 (50.6%)

Psychological factors

Ā 

Stress

32 (36.8%)

Depression

15 (17.2%)

Anxiety

17 (19.5%)

Behavioral factors

Ā 

Bruxism

12 (13.8%)

Clenching

29 (33.3%)

Side sleep

22 (25.3%)

Unilateral chewing

31 (35.6%)

Chin leaning

12 (13.8%)

Alcohol consumption

12 (13.8%)

Caffeine consumption

28 (32.2%)

Forward head posture

15 (17.2%)