Table 2 The crude odds ratio and regression coefficient for the bivariate association between the OHIP-14 prevalence and severity of impact and independent factors (N = 271)

Age

15–24

79 (88.8)

1.5

34.2 (10.48)

1.2 (− 0.12, 2.36)

25–34

123 (98.4)

(0.78–3.02)

40.7 (5.13)

(0.05)

35–44

37 (92.5)

0.2

36.2 (8.90)

 ≥ 45

16 (94.1)

37.1 (8.72)

Gender

0.3

39.6 (5.69)

− 2.9 (− 5.05, − 0.72)

Male*

83 (97.6)

(0.07–1.33)

36.7 (9.38)

(0.002)

Female

172 (92.5)

0.1

Education (years of schooling)

0–5*

69 (94.5)

1.2⁴

39.1 (7.43)

0.8 (− 2.64, 0.98)

6–12

164 (93.2)

(0.50–3.01)

36.7 (9.07)

(0.4)

 ≥ 13

22 (100)

0.7

39.5 (5.90)

Employment status

Full-time job*

46 (93.9)

1.0

36.6 (8.32)

− 0.2 (− 1.38, 1.06)

Part-time job

72 (94.7)

(0.58, 1.91)

39.4 (6.95)

0.8

Unemployed

124 (93.2)

0.9

37.1 (9.33)

Others¹

13 (100)

37.5 (7.76)

Personal income PKR²

5000–14,000*

168 (94.4)

0.8 (0.52–1.38)

37.4 (8.79)

− 0.3 (− 1.33, 0.80)

15,000–24,000

45 (95.7)

0.5

40.0 (6.41)

(0.6)

25,000–34,000

22 (91.7)

35.8 (9.33)

 ≥ 3500

20 (90.9)

36.3 (7.76)

Family income PKR(US$)

15,000–24,000 (140- 230)*

133 (95.7)

0.7 (0.37–1.16)

37.8 (8.75)

− 0.5 (− 1.66, 0.73)

25,000–34,000 (240- 325)

56 (94.9)

0.1

38.4 (7.09)

(0.4)

 ≥ 35,000(≥ 335)

66 (90.4)

36.6 (9.06)

Severity of injury

1

2^nd-degree burn*

125 (88.7)

34.3⁴ (2.56–4.39 × 10³)

33.2 (9.43)

9.1 (7.35, 10.8)

3^rd-degree burn

130(100.0)

 < 0.001

42.3 (3.39)

(< 0.001)

TBSA

10–20%*

130 (89.0)

31.7⁴ (4.22–4.06 × 10³)

33.7 (9.49)

8.6 (6.79, 10.3)

 > 20%

125 (100)

 < 0.001

42.2 (3.48)

(< 0.001)

Time elapsed

1–2 years*

31 (66.0)

79.4⁴ (11.2–1.01 × 10⁴)

22.5 (7.31)

6.8 (6.14, 7.53)

2–3 years

78 (100)

 < 0.001

37.9 (4.52)

(< 0.001)

3–4 years

105 (100)

41.5 (3.08)

 ≥ 4 years

41 (100)

44.2 (2.80)

Cause of burn

Electrical\others*

16 (66.7)

1

25.7 (11.10)

− 13.4 (− 16.75, − 9.96)

Scald\Steam

74 (96.1)

12.3 (2.94, 51.68)

37.9 (7.17)

− 1.2 (− 3.39, 1.08)

0.001

0.3

Fire\Flame

108 (96.4)

13.5 (3.64, 50.04)

39.1 (7.20)

39.1 (37.68, 40.53)*

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Chemical\assault

57 (98.2)

28.5 (3.32, 245.05)

39.3 (7.42)

0.3 (− 2.17, 2.72)

0.002

0.8

Disfigurement

0.34³ (< 0.001)

4.8 (2.54, 8.93) (< 0.001)

0.81⁴ (< 0.001)

4.6 (4.18, 4.96) (< 0.001)

SWAP-U

0.30³ (< 0.001)

1.3 (1.18, 1.43) (< 0.001)

0.75⁴(< 0.001)

0.8 (0.76, 0.74) (< 0.001)

DMFT

0.34³ (< 0.001)

3.7 (2.12, 6.52) < 0.001

0.87⁴ (< 0.001)

3.1 (2.87, 3.28) (< 0.001)

CPI

Bleeding*

16 (51.6)

50.6⁴ (12.35, 4.7 × 10²)

19.6 (6.81)

7.4 (6.67, 8.14)

Calculus

79 (98.8)

 < 0.001

35.6 (6.36)

(< 0.001)

4-5 mm pocket

117 (100)

41.4 (2.55)

 > 6 mm pocket

43 (100)

44.2 (2.59)

OHI-S

Good*

2 (28.6)

26.4⁴ (8.29, 1.35 × 10²)

17.9 (4.10)

11.5 (10.2, 12.8)

Fair

74 (87.1)

 < 0.001

30.5 (9.36)

(< 0.001)

Poor

179 (100)

41.8 (3.21)

Clinical oral status

0.33³ (< 0.001)

58.7 (7.9, 4.4 × 10²) (< 0.001)

0.87⁵ (< 0.001)

7.4 (6.88, 7.89) (< 0.001)

Brushing frequency (daily)

Two or more*

47 (79.7)

13.3 (4.10, 42.99)

27.7 (9.81)

12.7 (10.77, 14.6)

Once

208 (98.1)

(< 0.001)

40.4 (5.54)

(< 0.001)

Dental visit (past 12 months)

Regular*

33 (73.3)

17.2⁴ (5.92, 59.68)

28.2 (11.27)

8.7 (6.79, 10.62)

Episodic

205 (98.1)

(< 0.001)

39.3 (6.47)

 < 0.001

Never

17 (100)

42.8 (3.30)